You must not add to or subtract from what I command you, so that you may keep the commandments of the LORD your God that I am giving you. You shall not addThis phrase underscores the sanctity and completeness of God's Word. The Hebrew root for "add" is "yasaph," which means to increase or augment. In the ancient Near Eastern context, legal and covenantal texts were considered inviolable. This command reflects a divine mandate to preserve the purity and integrity of God's instructions. It serves as a warning against human pride and the temptation to modify divine revelation to suit personal or cultural preferences. to the word
The term "word" in Hebrew is "dabar," which signifies a matter, thing, or command. In the biblical context, "dabar" often refers to God's spoken or written revelation. This highlights the authority and power of God's communication with His people. The "word" is not merely a collection of letters or sounds but a living and active force that shapes the covenant relationship between God and Israel. that I am commanding you
The phrase emphasizes the personal and direct nature of God's communication. The Hebrew verb "tsavah" means to command or charge, indicating a binding obligation. This reflects the covenantal relationship where God, as the sovereign King, issues decrees to His people. The personal pronoun "I" underscores God's active role in delivering His commandments, reinforcing His authority and the expectation of obedience. nor take away from it
The prohibition against subtraction is as crucial as the one against addition. The Hebrew root "gara" means to diminish or reduce. This command ensures that the full counsel of God is preserved and that no part of His revelation is neglected or dismissed. Historically, this reflects the importance of maintaining the integrity of legal and religious texts, which were seen as complete and perfect in their original form. so that you may keep
The phrase "so that you may keep" introduces the purpose of the command. The Hebrew word "shamar" means to guard, observe, or give heed. It implies a vigilant and careful adherence to God's commandments. This reflects the biblical theme of obedience as a response to God's grace and a means of maintaining a right relationship with Him. the commandments of the LORD your God
This phrase identifies the source and nature of the commandments. "Commandments" in Hebrew is "mitzvot," which refers to divine laws or decrees. The use of "LORD" (YHWH) signifies the covenant name of God, emphasizing His eternal and unchanging nature. "Your God" personalizes the relationship, reminding the Israelites of their unique covenant with the Creator. that I am giving you
The phrase concludes with the assurance of divine provision. The Hebrew verb "natan" means to give or bestow, indicating that the commandments are a gift from God. This reflects the biblical understanding that God's laws are not burdensome but are given for the well-being and flourishing of His people. The present tense "am giving" suggests an ongoing and dynamic relationship, where God continually provides guidance and direction. Persons / Places / Events 1. MosesThe leader of the Israelites who is delivering God's commandments to the people. He is the primary speaker in Deuteronomy, conveying God's laws and instructions. 2. IsraelitesThe chosen people of God, who are receiving the law as they prepare to enter the Promised Land. They are the audience of Moses' message. 3. Mount HorebThe location where Moses received the commandments from God. It is a significant place of divine revelation and covenant. 4. Promised LandThe land of Canaan, which God promised to the descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. The Israelites are on the brink of entering this land. 5. The LORD (Yahweh)The covenant God of Israel, who is giving the commandments through Moses. He is the ultimate authority behind the law. Teaching Points The Integrity of God's WordGod's word is complete and perfect. We are called to respect its integrity by neither adding to nor subtracting from it. This teaches us to approach Scripture with reverence and humility. Obedience to God's CommandmentsThe command to not alter God's word is directly linked to obedience. By keeping the commandments as they are, we demonstrate our faithfulness and trust in God's wisdom. Guarding Against False TeachingsIn a world with many interpretations and teachings, we must be vigilant to ensure that what we believe and teach aligns with the unaltered word of God. The Role of Scripture in Daily LifeScripture should be our guide in all aspects of life. By adhering to its teachings without modification, we align ourselves with God's will and purpose. The Consequences of Altering ScriptureAltering God's word can lead to misunderstanding and misapplication, which can have spiritual consequences. We must be diligent in preserving the truth of Scripture. Bible Study Questions 1. How does Deuteronomy 4:2 emphasize the importance of the integrity of God's word in your personal Bible study? 2. In what ways can you ensure that you are not adding to or taking away from God's commandments in your daily life? 3. How do the warnings in Revelation 22:18-19 and Proverbs 30:5-6 reinforce the message of Deuteronomy 4:2? 4. What practical steps can you take to guard against false teachings that may alter the message of Scripture? 5. How does understanding the original context of Deuteronomy 4:2 enhance your appreciation for the authority and completeness of God's word? Connections to Other Scriptures Revelation 22:18-19This passage warns against adding to or taking away from the words of prophecy, echoing the command in Deuteronomy 4:2, emphasizing the sanctity and completeness of God's word. Proverbs 30:5-6These verses affirm that every word of God is flawless and caution against adding to His words, reinforcing the idea of preserving the integrity of Scripture. Matthew 5:17-19Jesus speaks about the fulfillment of the law, emphasizing the importance of adhering to God's commandments without alteration. People Amorites, Baalpeor, Bezer, Gadites, Israelites, Manasseh, Manassites, Moses, Og, Reubenites, SihonPlaces Arabah, Aroer, Bashan, Beth-baal-peor, Bezer, Egypt, Gilead, Golan, Hermon, Heshbon, Horeb, Jordan River, Mount Sion, Peor, Pisgah, Ramoth, Sea of the Arabah, Valley of the ArnonTopics Add, Addition, Aught, Command, Commanding, Commandments, Commands, Diminish, Nothing, Orders, Ought, SubtractDictionary of Bible Themes Deuteronomy 4:2 1690 word of God
8470 respect, for God Deuteronomy 4:1-2 1615 Scripture, sufficiency
5036 mind, of God
7263 theocracy
8404 commands, in OT Library February the Sixteenth Crowding Out God
"Lest thou forget." --DEUTERONOMY iv. 5-13. That is surely the worst affront we can put upon anybody. We may oppose a man and hinder him in his work, or we may directly injure him, or we may ignore him, and treat him as nothing. Or we may forget him! Opposition, injury, contempt, neglect, forgetfulness! Surely this is a descending scale, and the last is the worst. And yet we can forget the Lord God. We can forget all His benefits. We can easily put Him out of mind. We can live as though He were …
John Henry Jowett—My Daily Meditation for the Circling YearDeuteronomy
(Third Sunday after Easter.) Deut. iv. 39, 40. Know therefore this day, and consider it in thine heart, that the Lord he is God in heaven above, and upon the earth beneath: there is none else. Thou shall keep therefore his statutes and his commandments, which I command thee this day, that it may go well with thee, and with thy children after thee, and that thou mayest prolong thy days upon the earth, which the Lord thy God giveth thee, for ever. Learned men have argued much of late as to who wrote …
Charles Kingsley—The Gospel of the Pentateuch Political and Religious Life of the Jewish Dispersion in the West - their Union in the Great Hope of the Coming Deliverer.
It was not only in the capital of the Empire that the Jews enjoyed the rights of Roman citizenship. Many in Asia Minor could boast of the same privilege. [327] The Seleucidic rulers of Syria had previously bestowed kindred privileges on the Jews in many places. Thus, they possessed in some cities twofold rights: the status of Roman and the privileges of Asiatic, citizenship. Those who enjoyed the former were entitled to a civil government of their own, under archons of their choosing, quite independent …
Alfred Edersheim—The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah Of the Cities of Refuge.
Hebron, the most eminent among them, excites us to remember the rest. "The Rabbins deliver this; Moses separated three cities of refuge beyond Jordan, [Deut 4:41-43;] and, against them, Joshua separated three cities in the land of Canaan, [Josh 20:7,8]. And these were placed by one another, just as two ranks of vines are in a vineyard: Hebron in Judea against Bezer in the wilderness: Shechem in mount Ephraim against Ramoth in Gilead: Kedesh in mount Napthali against Golan in Basan. And these three …
John Lightfoot—From the Talmud and Hebraica That the Devout Soul Ought with the Whole Heart to Yearn after Union with Christ in the Sacrament
The Voice of the Disciple Who shall grant unto me, O Lord, that I may find Thee alone, and open all my heart unto Thee, and enjoy Thee as much as my soul desireth; and that no man may henceforth look upon me, nor any creature move me or have respect unto me, but Thou alone speak unto me and I unto Thee, even as beloved is wont to speak unto beloved, and friend to feast with friend? For this do I pray, this do I long for, that I may be wholly united unto Thee, and may withdraw my heart from all created …
Thomas A Kempis—Imitation of Christ The First Covenant
"Now therefore, if ye will obey My voice, and keep My covenant, ye shall be a peculiar treasure unto Me."--EX. xix. 5. "He declared unto you His covenant, which He commanded you to perform, even ten commandments."--DEUT. iv. 13.i "If ye keep these judgments, the Lord thy God shall keep unto thee the covenant,"--DEUT. vii. 12. "I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel, not according to the covenant which I made with their fathers, which My covenant they brake."--JER. xxxi. 31, 32. WE have …
Andrew Murray—The Two Covenants The Unity of God
Q-5: ARE THERE MORE GODS THAN ONE? A: There is but one only, the living and true God. That there is a God has been proved; and those that will not believe the verity of his essence, shall feel the severity of his wrath. Hear, O Israel, the Lord our God is one Lord.' Deut 6:6. He is the only God.' Deut 4:49. Know therefore this day, and consider it in thy heart, that the Lord he is God in heaven above, and upon the earth beneath, there is none else.' A just God and a Saviour; there is none beside …
Thomas Watson—A Body of Divinity The Northern Coasts of Galilee. Amanah. The Mountain of Snow.
This coast is described by Moses, Numbers 34:7: "From the Great Sea to mount Hor: from mount Hor to the entrance of Hamath," &c. Mount Hor, in the Jewish writers, is Amanah; mention of which occurs, Canticles 4:8, where R. Solomon thus: "Amanah is a mount in the northern coast of the land of Israel, which in the Talmudical language is called, The mountainous plain of Amanon; the same with mount Hor." In the Jerusalem Targum, for mount 'Hor' is the mount Manus: but the Targum of Jonathan renders it …
John Lightfoot—From the Talmud and Hebraica Ninth Sunday after Trinity Carnal Security and Its vices.
Text: 1 Corinthians 10, 6-13. 6 Now these things were our examples, to the intent we should not lust after evil things, as they also lusted. 7 Neither be ye idolaters, as were some of them; as it is written, The people sat down to eat and drink, and rose up to play. 8 Neither let us commit fornication, as some of them committed, and fell in one day three and twenty thousand. 9 Neither let us make trial of the Lord, as some of them made trial, and perished by the serpents. 10 Neither murmur ye, as …
Martin Luther—Epistle Sermons, Vol. III Epistle cxxvii. From S. Columbanus to Pope Gregory .
From S. Columbanus to Pope Gregory [89] . To the holy lord, and father in Christ, the Roman [pope], most fair ornament of the Church, a certain most august flower, as it were, of the whole of withering Europe, distinguished speculator, as enjoying a divine contemplation of purity (?) [90] . I, Bargoma [91] , poor dove in Christ, send greeting. Grace to thee and peace from God the Father [and] our [Lord] Jesus Christ. I am pleased to think, O holy pope, that it will seem to thee nothing extravagant …
Saint Gregory the Great—the Epistles of Saint Gregory the Great The Second Commandment
Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image, or any likeness of any thing that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth: thou shalt not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them: for I the Lord thy God am o jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of then that hate me; and shewing mercy unto thousands of them that love me and keep my commandments.' Exod 20: 4-6. I. Thou shalt not …
Thomas Watson—The Ten Commandments "They have Corrupted Themselves; their Spot is not the Spot of his Children; they are a Perverse and Crooked Generation. "
Deut. xxxii. 5.--"They have corrupted themselves; their spot is not the spot of his children; they are a perverse and crooked generation." We doubt this people would take well with such a description of themselves as Moses gives. It might seem strange to us, that God should have chosen such a people out of all the nations of the earth, and they to be so rebellious and perverse, if our own experience did not teach us how free his choice is, and how long-suffering he is, and constant in his choice. …
Hugh Binning—The Works of the Rev. Hugh Binning A Reformer's Schooling
'The words of Nehemiah the son of Hachaliah. And it came to pass in the month Chislev, in the twentieth year, as I was in Shushan the palace, 2. That Hanani, one of my brethren, came, he and certain men of Judah; and I asked them concerning the Jews that had escaped, which were left of the captivity, and concerning Jerusalem. 3. And they said unto me, The remnant that are left of the captivity there in the province are in great affliction and reproach: the wall of Jerusalem also is broken down, and …
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture Second visit to Nazareth - the Mission of the Twelve.
It almost seems, as if the departure of Jesus from Capernaum marked a crisis in the history of that town. From henceforth it ceases to be the center of His activity, and is only occasionally, and in passing, visited. Indeed, the concentration and growing power of Pharisaic opposition, and the proximity of Herod's residence at Tiberias [3013] would have rendered a permanent stay there impossible at this stage in our Lord's history. Henceforth, His Life is, indeed, not purely missionary, but He has …
Alfred Edersheim—The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah Covenant Duties.
It is here proposed to show, that every incumbent duty ought, in suitable circumstances, to be engaged to in the exercise of Covenanting. The law and covenant of God are co-extensive; and what is enjoined in the one is confirmed in the other. The proposals of that Covenant include its promises and its duties. The former are made and fulfilled by its glorious Originator; the latter are enjoined and obligatory on man. The duties of that Covenant are God's law; and the demands of the law are all made …
John Cunningham—The Ordinance of Covenanting Subjects of Study. Home Education in Israel; Female Education. Elementary Schools, Schoolmasters, and School Arrangements.
If a faithful picture of society in ancient Greece or Rome were to be presented to view, it is not easy to believe that even they who now most oppose the Bible could wish their aims success. For this, at any rate, may be asserted, without fear of gainsaying, that no other religion than that of the Bible has proved competent to control an advanced, or even an advancing, state of civilisation. Every other bound has been successively passed and submerged by the rising tide; how deep only the student …
Alfred Edersheim—Sketches of Jewish Social Life Wisdom and Revelation.
"Wherefore I also, after I heard of your faith in the Lord Jesus, and love unto all the saints, cease not to give thanks for you, making mention of you in my prayers; that the God of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of glory, may give unto you the spirit of wisdom and revelation in the knowledge of Him: the eyes of your understanding being enlightened; that ye may know what is the hope of His calling, and what the riches of the glory of His inheritance in the saints, and what is the exceeding greatness …
W. H. Griffith Thomas—The Prayers of St. Paul Links Deuteronomy 4:2 NIVDeuteronomy 4:2 NLTDeuteronomy 4:2 ESVDeuteronomy 4:2 NASBDeuteronomy 4:2 KJV
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