Deuteronomy 32:16
They provoked His jealousy with foreign gods; they enraged Him with abominations.
They provoked His jealousy
The phrase "They provoked His jealousy" speaks to the deep emotional response of God towards the Israelites' actions. The Hebrew root for "jealousy" is "קָנָא" (qanah), which conveys a sense of zealous protection and passionate concern. In the context of a covenant relationship, God's jealousy is akin to that of a faithful spouse who desires exclusive devotion. This highlights the seriousness of Israel's infidelity, as they turned away from the God who had delivered them from Egypt and provided for them in the wilderness. Theologically, this underscores the nature of God as one who desires a personal and exclusive relationship with His people, reflecting His love and commitment.

with foreign gods
The term "foreign gods" refers to deities that were not part of the Israelite tradition, often associated with the surrounding nations. The Hebrew word for "foreign" is "נֵכָר" (nekar), indicating something alien or unfamiliar. Historically, the Israelites were surrounded by polytheistic cultures, and the temptation to adopt these practices was a constant challenge. This phrase serves as a reminder of the first commandment, which calls for the worship of Yahweh alone. The introduction of foreign gods into Israel's worship was not merely a cultural exchange but a direct violation of their covenant with God, leading to spiritual and moral corruption.

they enraged Him
The phrase "they enraged Him" captures the intensity of God's response to Israel's idolatry. The Hebrew root "כָּעַס" (kaas) means to provoke or anger. This is not a capricious anger but a righteous indignation against sin and betrayal. God's anger is a reflection of His holiness and justice, as well as His deep love for His people. It is important to understand that God's anger is always purposeful, aimed at bringing His people back to repentance and restoration. This serves as a sobering reminder of the consequences of turning away from God and the seriousness with which He views idolatry.

with abominations
The word "abominations" is translated from the Hebrew "תּוֹעֵבָה" (toebah), which refers to things that are detestable or loathsome, particularly in a religious or moral sense. In the context of ancient Israel, abominations often included practices associated with idol worship, such as child sacrifice, temple prostitution, and other rituals that were abhorrent to God. This term underscores the severity of Israel's sin, as they engaged in practices that were not only contrary to God's commands but also deeply offensive to His nature. The use of this word serves to highlight the stark contrast between the holiness of God and the depravity of idolatrous practices, calling the Israelites to repentance and a return to covenant faithfulness.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Moses
The author of Deuteronomy, delivering a song to the Israelites as a reminder of God's faithfulness and a warning against idolatry.

2. Israelites
The chosen people of God, who are being warned against turning to foreign gods and abandoning their covenant with Yahweh.

3. Foreign gods
The idols and deities of surrounding nations that the Israelites were tempted to worship, leading them away from the true God.

4. Yahweh
The one true God, who is provoked to jealousy by the Israelites' idolatry and unfaithfulness.

5. Promised Land
The land of Canaan, where the Israelites are headed, and where they will face the temptation to adopt the practices of the nations around them.
Teaching Points
The Danger of Idolatry
Idolatry is not just the worship of physical idols but can include anything that takes the place of God in our hearts. We must be vigilant in identifying and removing these idols from our lives.

God's Jealousy
God's jealousy is not like human jealousy; it is a righteous desire for His people to remain faithful to Him. Understanding this helps us appreciate the depth of His love and commitment to us.

Faithfulness in a Foreign Land
Just as the Israelites were called to remain faithful amidst foreign influences, Christians today are called to stand firm in their faith despite cultural pressures.

The Consequences of Unfaithfulness
Turning away from God leads to spiritual and sometimes physical consequences. Recognizing this can motivate us to remain steadfast in our devotion.

The Call to Repentance
When we recognize areas of unfaithfulness in our lives, we are called to repent and return to God, who is always ready to forgive and restore.
Bible Study Questions
1. What are some modern-day "foreign gods" that can tempt us away from our devotion to God?

2. How does understanding God's jealousy help us in our relationship with Him?

3. In what ways can we ensure that we remain faithful to God in a culture that often promotes values contrary to biblical teachings?

4. Reflect on a time when you experienced the consequences of turning away from God. What did you learn from that experience?

5. How can we encourage one another in our communities to identify and remove idols from our lives?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Exodus 20:3-5
The Ten Commandments, where God commands the Israelites not to have other gods before Him and warns of His jealousy.

1 Kings 11:1-10
The account of Solomon's idolatry, which parallels the warning in Deuteronomy about the dangers of foreign gods.

Jeremiah 2:11-13
A prophetic rebuke of Israel for exchanging their glory for worthless idols, echoing the themes of Deuteronomy 32.

1 Corinthians 10:20-22
Paul warns the Corinthians about participating in idolatry, drawing a parallel to the Israelites' experiences.

James 4:4-5
James speaks of spiritual adultery and God's jealousy, reinforcing the message of faithfulness to God alone.
JeshurunJ. Orr Deuteronomy 32:15-18
The Damager of Worldly SuccessR.M. Edgar Deuteronomy 32:15-18
Sowing and ReapingD. Davies Deuteronomy 32:15-25
People
Aaron, Adam, Hoshea, Israelites, Jacob, Joshua, Moses, Nun
Places
Abarim, Bashan, Canaan, Gomorrah, Jericho, Jordan River, Meribah-kadesh, Moab, Mount Hor, Mount Nebo, Sodom, Zin
Topics
Abominable, Abominations, Anger, Angered, Angry, Detestable, Disgusting, Foreign, Gods, Honour, Idols, Jealous, Jealousy, Moved, Practices, Provoke, Provoked, Roused, Stirred, Strange, Strangers, Wrath, Zealous
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Deuteronomy 32:16

     1185   God, zeal of
     8773   jealousy

Deuteronomy 32:15-16

     1135   God, suffering of
     6103   abomination

Deuteronomy 32:15-18

     4354   rock
     6231   rejection of God
     8763   forgetting

Deuteronomy 32:15-21

     8705   apostasy, in OT

Deuteronomy 32:16-17

     4132   demons, malevolence
     8799   polytheism

Library
The Eagle and Its Brood
'As an eagle stirreth up her nest, fluttereth over her young, spreadeth abroad her wings, taketh them, beareth them on her wings.'--DEUT. xxxii. 11. This is an incomplete sentence in the Authorised Version, but really it should be rendered as a complete one; the description of the eagle's action including only the two first clauses, and (the figure being still retained) the person spoken of in the last clauses being God Himself. That is to say, it should read thus, 'As an eagle stirreth up his nest,
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

Their Rock and Our Rock
'Their rock is not as our Rock, even our enemies themselves being Judges.' DEUT. xxxii. 31. Moses is about to leave the people whom he had led so long, and his last words are words of solemn warning. He exhorts them to cleave to God. The words of the text simply mean that the history of the nation had sufficiently proved that God, their God, was 'above all gods.' The Canaanites and all the enemies whom Israel had fought had been beaten, and in their awe of this warrior people acknowledged that their
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

Memento Mori
I propose this morning, as God shall help me, to lead you to consider your latter end. May the Holy Spirit bend your thoughts downward to the tomb. May he guide you to the grave, that you may there see the end of all earthly hopes, of all worldly pomp and show. In doing this, I shall thus divide my subject. First, let us consider Death, secondly, let us push on the consideration by considering the warnings which Death has given us already; and then, further, let us picture ourselves as dying,--bringing
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 6: 1860

Religion --A Reality
Now we will grant you this morning that much of the religion which is abroad in the world is a vain thing. The religion of ceremonies is vain. If a man shall trust in the gorgeous pomp of uncommanded mysteries, if he shall consider that there resides some mystic efficacy in a priest, and that by uttering certain words a blessing is infallibly received, we tell him that his religion is a vain thing. You might as well go to the Witch of Endor for grace as to a priest; and if you rely upon words, the
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 8: 1863

At a Public Fast in July, First Sabbath, 1650. (257)
At A Public Fast In July, First Sabbath, 1650.(257) Deut. xxxii. 4-7.--"He is the Rock, his work is perfect, for all his ways are judgment," &c. There are two things which may comprehend all religion,--the knowledge of God and of ourselves. These are the principles of religion, and are so nearly conjoined together, that the one cannot be truly without the other, much less savingly. It is no wonder that Moses craved attention, and that, to the end he may attain it from an hard hearted deaf people,
Hugh Binning—The Works of the Rev. Hugh Binning

Jeremy Taylor -- Christ's Advent to Judgment
Jeremy Taylor, born in Cambridge, England, in 1613, was the son of a barber. By his talents he obtained an entrance into Caius College, where his exceptional progress obtained for him admission to the ministry in his twenty-first year, two years before the canonical age. He was appointed in succession fellow of All Souls, Oxford, through the influence of Laud, chaplain to the King, and rector of Uppingham. During the Commonwealth he was expelled from his living and opened a school in Wales, employing
Various—The World's Great Sermons, Vol. 2

a survey of the third and closing discourse of the prophet
We shall now, in conclusion, give a survey of the third and closing discourse of the prophet. After an introduction in vi. 1, 2, where the mountains serve only to give greater solemnity to the scene (in the fundamental passages Deut. xxxii. 1, and in Is. 1, 2, "heaven and earth" are mentioned for the same purposes, inasmuch as they are the most venerable parts of creation; "contend with the mountains" by taking them in and applying to [Pg 522] them as hearers), the prophet reminds the people of
Ernst Wilhelm Hengstenberg—Christology of the Old Testament

Appendix xvi. On the Jewish views About Demons' and the Demonised,' Together with Some Notes on the Intercourse Between Jews and Jewish Christians in the First Centuries.
IT is not, of course, our purpose here to attempt an exhaustive account of the Jewish views on demons' and the demonised.' A few preliminary strictures were, however, necessary on a work upon which writers on this subject have too implictly relied. I refer to Gfrörer's Jahrhundert des Heils (especially vol. i. pp. 378-424). Gfrörer sets out by quoting a passage in the Book of Enoch on which he lays great stress, but which critical inquiries of Dillmann and other scholars have shown to be
Alfred Edersheim—The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah

The Justice of God
The next attribute is God's justice. All God's attributes are identical, and are the same with his essence. Though he has several attributes whereby he is made known to us, yet he has but one essence. A cedar tree may have several branches, yet it is but one cedar. So there are several attributes of God whereby we conceive of him, but only one entire essence. Well, then, concerning God's justice. Deut 32:4. Just and right is he.' Job 37:23. Touching the Almighty, we cannot find him out: he is excellent
Thomas Watson—A Body of Divinity

The Truth of God
The next attribute is God's truth. A God of truth and without iniquity; just and right is he.' Deut 32:4. For thy mercy is great unto the heavens, and thy truth unto the clouds.' Psa 57:10. Plenteous in truth.' Psa 86:15. I. God is the truth. He is true in a physical sense; true in his being: he has a real subsistence, and gives a being to others. He is true in a moral sense; he is true sine errore, without errors; et sine fallacia, without deceit. God is prima veritas, the pattern and prototype
Thomas Watson—A Body of Divinity

The Finding
Heinrich Suso Deut. xxxii. 10 Now have I seen Thee and found Thee, For Thou hast found Thy sheep; I fled, but Thy love would follow-- I strayed, but Thy grace would keep. Thou hast granted my heart's desire-- Most blest of the blessed is he Who findeth no rest and no sweetness Till he rests, O Lord, in Thee. O Lord, Thou seest, Thou knowest, That to none my heart can tell The joy and the love and the sorrow, The tale that my heart knows well. But to Thee, O my God, I can tell it-- To Thee, and
Frances Bevan—Hymns of Ter Steegen, Suso, and Others

viii
We have not treated the Latin Church after that fashion. There is not a hymn of real merit in the Latin which has not been translated, and in not a few cases oftener than once, with the result that the gems of Latin hymnody are the valued possession of the Christian Church in all English-speaking lands. One does not proceed far without making some discoveries which may account, to a certain extent, for the neglect of Greek hymnody by those men who are best qualified to pursue the study of it. The
John Brownlie—Hymns of the Holy Eastern Church

The Call of Moses
There is a great deal more room given in Scripture to the call of men to God's work than there is to their end. For instance, we don't know where Isaiah died, or how he died, but we know a great deal about the call God gave him, when he saw God on high and lifted up on His throne. I suppose that it is true to-day that hundreds of young men and women who are listening for a call and really want to know what their life's mission is, perhaps find it the greatest problem they ever had. Some don't
Dwight L. Moody—Men of the Bible

Perhaps There is no Book Within the Whole Canon of Scripture So Perplexing and Anomalous...
Perhaps there is no book within the whole canon of Scripture so perplexing and anomalous, at first sight, as that entitled "Ecclesiastes." Its terrible hopelessness, its bold expression of those difficulties with which man is surrounded on every side, the apparent fruitlessness of its quest after good, the unsatisfactory character, from a Christian standpoint, of its conclusion: all these points have made it, at one and the same time, an enigma to the superficial student of the Word, and the arsenal
F. C. Jennings—Old Groans and New Songs

Epistle cxxvii. From S. Columbanus to Pope Gregory .
From S. Columbanus to Pope Gregory [89] . To the holy lord, and father in Christ, the Roman [pope], most fair ornament of the Church, a certain most august flower, as it were, of the whole of withering Europe, distinguished speculator, as enjoying a divine contemplation of purity (?) [90] . I, Bargoma [91] , poor dove in Christ, send greeting. Grace to thee and peace from God the Father [and] our [Lord] Jesus Christ. I am pleased to think, O holy pope, that it will seem to thee nothing extravagant
Saint Gregory the Great—the Epistles of Saint Gregory the Great

God's True Treasure in Man
'The Lord's portion is His people; Jacob is the lot of His inheritance.'--DEUT, xxxii.9. 'Jesus Christ (Who) gave Himself for us, that He might redeem us from all iniquity, and purify unto Himself a peculiar people.'--TITUS ii. 14. I choose these two texts because they together present us with the other side of the thought to that which I have elsewhere considered, that man's true treasure is in God. That great axiom of the religious consciousness, which pervades the whole of Scripture, is rapturously
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

The Gospel Feast
"When Jesus then lifted up His eyes, and saw a great company come unto Him, He saith unto Philip, Whence shall we buy bread that these may eat?"--John vi. 5. After these words the Evangelist adds, "And this He said to prove him, for He Himself knew what He would do." Thus, you see, our Lord had secret meanings when He spoke, and did not bring forth openly all His divine sense at once. He knew what He was about to do from the first, but He wished to lead forward His disciples, and to arrest and
John Henry Newman—Parochial and Plain Sermons, Vol. VII

The Necessity of Regeneration, Argued from the Immutable Constitution of God.
John III. 3. John III. 3. Jesus answered and said unto him, Verily, verily, I say unto thee, Except a man be born again, he cannot see the kingdom of God. WHILE the ministers of Christ are discoursing of such a subject, as I have before me in the course of these Lectures, and particularly in this branch of them which I am now entering upon, we may surely, with the utmost reason, address our hearers in those words of Moses to Israel, in the conclusion of his dying discourse: Set your hearts unto all
Philip Doddridge—Practical Discourses on Regeneration

Lix. The Preacher and his Hearers.
22nd Sunday after Trinity. S. Matthew xviii. 23. "The kingdom of Heaven is likened unto a certain king, which would take account of his servants." INTRODUCTION.--I have been a good deal abroad, over the Continent of Europe, and whenever I am in a little country inn, I make a point of going into the room where the men are smoking and drinking wine or beer, and hearing their opinions on the politics of the day, and of their country. Now, my experience tells me that in country taverns in France, and
S. Baring-Gould—The Village Pulpit, Volume II. Trinity to Advent

The Prophet Micah.
PRELIMINARY REMARKS. Micah signifies: "Who is like Jehovah;" and by this name, the prophet is consecrated to the incomparable God, just as Hosea was to the helping God, and Nahum to the comforting God. He prophesied, according to the inscription, under Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah. We are not, however, entitled, on this account, to dissever his prophecies, and to assign particular discourses to the reign of each of these kings. On the contrary, the entire collection forms only one whole. At
Ernst Wilhelm Hengstenberg—Christology of the Old Testament

The Jewish Dispersion in the West - the Hellenists - Origin of Hellenist Literature in the Greek Translation of the Bible - Character of the Septuagint.
When we turn from the Jewish dispersion' in the East to that in the West, we seem to breathe quite a different atmosphere. Despite their intense nationalism, all unconsciously to themselves, their mental characteristics and tendencies were in the opposite direction from those of their brethren. With those of the East rested the future of Judaism; with them of the West, in a sense, that of the world. The one represented old Israel, stretching forth its hands to where the dawn of a new day was about
Alfred Edersheim—The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah

The Early Life of Malachy. Having Been Admitted to Holy Orders He Associates with Malchus
[Sidenote: 1095.] 1. Our Malachy, born in Ireland,[134] of a barbarous people, was brought up there, and there received his education. But from the barbarism of his birth he contracted no taint, any more than the fishes of the sea from their native salt. But how delightful to reflect, that uncultured barbarism should have produced for us so worthy[135] a fellow-citizen with the saints and member of the household of God.[136] He who brings honey out of the rock and oil out of the flinty rock[137]
H. J. Lawlor—St. Bernard of Clairvaux's Life of St. Malachy of Armagh

The Christian's God
Scripture References: Genesis 1:1; 17:1; Exodus 34:6,7; 20:3-7; Deuteronomy 32:4; 33:27; Isaiah 40:28; 45:21; Psalm 90:2; 145:17; 139:1-12; John 1:1-5; 1:18; 4:23,24; 14:6-11; Matthew 28:19,20; Revelation 4:11; 22:13. WHO IS GOD? How Shall We Think of God?--"Upon the conception that is entertained of God will depend the nature and quality of the religion of any soul or race; and in accordance with the view that is held of God, His nature, His character and His relation to other beings, the spirit
Henry T. Sell—Studies in the Life of the Christian

How those are to be Admonished who Decline the Office of Preaching Out of Too Great Humility, and those who Seize on it with Precipitate Haste.
(Admonition 26.) Differently to be admonished are those who, though able to preach worthily, are afraid by reason of excessive humility, and those whom imperfection or age forbids to preach, and yet precipitancy impells. For those who, though able to preach with profit, still shrink back through excessive humility are to be admonished to gather from consideration of a lesser matter how faulty they are in a greater one. For, if they were to hide from their indigent neighbours money which they possessed
Leo the Great—Writings of Leo the Great

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