Acts 26:15

Who are You, Lord?' I asked. 'I am Jesus, whom you are persecuting,' the Lord replied.

Study Bible

‘Who are You, Lord?’
This phrase captures a moment of profound revelation and humility. The Greek word for "Lord" here is "Κύριε" (Kyrie), which can mean "master" or "sir," but in this context, it signifies a recognition of divine authority. Saul, later known as Paul, is acknowledging a power greater than himself, despite his initial ignorance of Jesus' identity. This question reflects the beginning of Saul's transformation, as he moves from persecutor to apostle. Historically, this encounter on the road to Damascus is pivotal, marking a turning point not only in Saul's life but in the spread of Christianity. It underscores the theme of divine intervention and grace, where God reaches out even to those who oppose Him.

‘I am Jesus,’
The declaration "I am Jesus" is both simple and profound. The Greek "Ἐγώ εἰμι" (Ego eimi) echoes the divine self-identification found in the Old Testament, such as in Exodus 3:14, where God reveals Himself to Moses as "I AM." This connection would not be lost on Saul, a Pharisee well-versed in the Hebrew Scriptures. Jesus is asserting His divinity and continuity with the God of Israel. This revelation is crucial for Saul, as it confirms that Jesus, whom he thought was a false messiah, is indeed the risen Lord. This moment is a cornerstone for Christian theology, affirming the identity of Jesus as both God and Savior.

‘whom you are persecuting,’
The phrase highlights the intimate connection between Jesus and His followers. The Greek word for "persecuting" is "διώκεις" (diokeis), which means to pursue or harass. By stating that Saul is persecuting Him, Jesus identifies Himself with the Church, His body on earth. This identification emphasizes the unity between Christ and believers, a theme that Paul would later expound upon in his epistles, particularly in 1 Corinthians 12:27, where he describes the Church as the body of Christ. Historically, this statement would have been shocking to Saul, as it reframes his actions against Christians as a direct assault on the Lord Himself. It serves as a powerful reminder of the personal nature of faith and the call to protect and cherish the community of believers.

‘the Lord replied.’
The response of "the Lord" signifies authority and finality. The Greek term "Κύριος" (Kyrios) is used again, reinforcing the divine authority of Jesus. This reply is not just a response to Saul's question but a command that will redirect his entire life. The use of "replied" indicates a dialogue, a personal interaction between Jesus and Saul, which is foundational for understanding the relational aspect of Christianity. This encounter is not just a vision but a conversation that leads to conversion. It highlights the grace of God, who chooses to reveal Himself and offer redemption even to those who are actively opposing Him. This moment is a testament to the transformative power of Christ's love and the potential for change in every individual.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Paul (formerly Saul)
A Pharisee and zealous persecutor of Christians who encounters Jesus on the road to Damascus, leading to his conversion and subsequent role as an apostle to the Gentiles.

2. Jesus Christ
The risen Lord who appears to Paul in a vision, identifying Himself as the one whom Paul is persecuting, thus establishing His divine authority and the unity of Himself with His followers.

3. Road to Damascus
The location of Paul's dramatic encounter with Jesus, marking a pivotal moment in Christian history where a persecutor becomes a proponent of the faith.

4. Persecution of Christians
The context of Paul's journey, as he was actively seeking to arrest and harm followers of Jesus, highlighting the early church's struggles.

5. King Agrippa
The ruler before whom Paul is making his defense, providing a historical and legal context for Paul's testimony and the spread of the Gospel.

Teaching Points

Divine Encounter
The transformative power of a personal encounter with Jesus is central to the Christian faith. Paul's life-changing experience on the road to Damascus serves as a reminder that no one is beyond the reach of God's grace.

Identity in Christ
Jesus' identification with His followers ("whom you are persecuting") highlights the intimate connection between Christ and the Church. Believers are called to live in a way that reflects this unity.

Repentance and Redemption
Paul's account is a powerful testament to the possibility of redemption and new beginnings. It encourages believers to seek forgiveness and embrace their new identity in Christ.

Bold Witness
Paul's defense before King Agrippa exemplifies the courage and conviction required to testify about one's faith. Christians are encouraged to share their testimonies boldly, trusting in God's sovereignty.

Purposeful Living
Paul's conversion led to a life of purpose and mission. Believers are called to discern and pursue God's calling in their lives, using their unique gifts and experiences for His glory.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Paul's encounter with Jesus on the road to Damascus challenge our understanding of conversion and transformation?

2. In what ways does Jesus' statement, "I am Jesus, whom you are persecuting," impact our view of the relationship between Christ and His Church?

3. Reflect on a time when you experienced a significant change in your life. How can Paul's account encourage you in your journey of faith?

4. How can we apply Paul's boldness in sharing his testimony to our own lives, especially in challenging situations?

5. What steps can you take to better understand and fulfill God's purpose for your life, as Paul did after his conversion?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Acts 9:3-6
This passage provides the initial account of Paul's conversion experience, offering more detail about the encounter on the road to Damascus.

Philippians 3:4-8
Paul reflects on his past as a Pharisee and his transformation, emphasizing the value of knowing Christ over his former life.

1 Corinthians 15:8-10
Paul describes himself as the least of the apostles, underscoring the grace of God in his life and ministry.

Galatians 1:11-16
Paul discusses his calling and the revelation of Jesus Christ, affirming the divine origin of his apostleship.