2 Samuel 3:21
Then Abner said to David, "Let me go at once, and I will gather all Israel to my lord the king, that they may make a covenant with you, and that you may rule over all that your heart desires." So David dismissed Abner, and he went in peace.
Then Abner said to David
Abner, the son of Ner, was the commander of Saul's army and a significant figure in the power dynamics of Israel. His approach to David signifies a pivotal moment in the unification of Israel under David's kingship. Historically, Abner's allegiance to David marks a shift in the political landscape, as he was previously aligned with the house of Saul. This phrase highlights the importance of reconciliation and the role of influential leaders in God's plan for His people.

Let me go at once
Abner's urgency reflects his commitment to the cause of unifying Israel under David. The Hebrew root for "go" (הלך, halak) often implies a purposeful journey or mission. This urgency can be seen as a divine prompting, aligning with God's sovereign plan to establish David as king over all Israel. It underscores the importance of timely obedience to God's will.

I will gather all Israel
The act of gathering "all Israel" signifies a move towards national unity. In the historical context, Israel was divided, with some tribes following Saul's house and others supporting David. Abner's promise to gather the tribes reflects a fulfillment of God's covenant promises to Israel, where unity and peace are central themes. This gathering is not just political but also spiritual, as it aligns with God's desire for His people to be one.

to my lord the king
Abner's acknowledgment of David as "my lord the king" is significant. It shows a recognition of David's God-ordained authority. The term "lord" (אדון, adon) is a title of respect and submission, indicating Abner's acceptance of David's rightful place as king. This submission is a crucial step in the divine plan for David's reign, as it reflects the broader acceptance of David's kingship by the nation.

so that they may make a covenant with you
Covenants in the biblical context are solemn agreements that often involve divine witness and blessing. The making of a covenant with David signifies a formal and binding agreement to recognize his rule. This act is deeply rooted in the Hebrew tradition, where covenants are central to God's relationship with His people. It highlights the importance of commitment and faithfulness in leadership and governance.

and you may rule over all that your heart desires
This phrase speaks to the fulfillment of God's promises to David. The "heart" (לב, lev) in Hebrew culture is the center of will and desire. God's promise to David was not just about political power but about establishing a kingdom that reflects His righteousness and justice. This ruling over "all that your heart desires" aligns with the biblical theme of God granting the desires of those who seek Him wholeheartedly.

So David sent Abner away, and he went in peace
The peaceful departure of Abner signifies a moment of reconciliation and hope for the future. The Hebrew word for peace (שלום, shalom) encompasses wholeness, harmony, and prosperity. This peace is a foretaste of the peace that David's reign would bring to Israel, reflecting God's ultimate plan for His people to live in harmony under His chosen king. It serves as an inspirational reminder of the peace that comes from aligning with God's will.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Abner
The commander of Saul's army, who played a significant role in the power dynamics of Israel after Saul's death. He sought to bring the tribes of Israel under David's rule.

2. David
The anointed king of Israel, who was in the process of consolidating his rule over all the tribes of Israel.

3. Israel
The nation consisting of twelve tribes, which at this time was divided between those loyal to Saul's house and those loyal to David.

4. Covenant
A formal agreement or treaty, in this context, between David and the tribes of Israel to recognize him as king.

5. Peace
The state in which Abner left David, indicating a temporary resolution and goodwill between the two parties.
Teaching Points
The Role of Leadership in God's Plan
God uses leaders, even those with flawed pasts like Abner, to accomplish His purposes. We should seek to understand how God might be using current leaders in our lives.

The Importance of Unity
Abner's efforts to unite Israel under David highlight the importance of unity among God's people. We should strive for unity in our communities and churches.

The Power of Covenants
Covenants are central to God's relationship with His people. Reflect on the covenants in your life, such as marriage or church membership, and their spiritual significance.

Trusting God's Timing
David's patience in waiting for God's timing to become king is a lesson in trusting God's plan. Consider areas in your life where you need to wait on God's timing.

Peace as a Fruit of Righteousness
Abner's departure in peace signifies the fruit of righteous actions. Pursue peace in your relationships as a reflection of your faith.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does Abner's role in this passage reflect God's sovereignty in using unexpected people to fulfill His plans?

2. In what ways can we work towards unity in our own communities, drawing from Abner's efforts to unite Israel under David?

3. How do the covenants in your life reflect your relationship with God, and how can you honor them more fully?

4. What are some areas in your life where you need to trust in God's timing, as David did in waiting to become king?

5. How can you actively pursue peace in your relationships, and what steps can you take to ensure that peace is maintained?
Connections to Other Scriptures
1 Samuel 16
This chapter describes David's anointing by Samuel, which sets the stage for his eventual kingship over all Israel.

2 Samuel 5
This chapter details the fulfillment of Abner's promise, where David is anointed king over all Israel, uniting the tribes.

Genesis 12
The covenant with Abraham, which is foundational for understanding the importance of covenants in Israel's history.

Psalm 37
This psalm speaks to the desires of the heart and trusting in the Lord, relevant to David's reliance on God for his kingship.
A Long WarC. M. Fleury, A. M.2 Samuel 3:1-39
Perpetual WarJ. Irons.2 Samuel 3:1-39
Progress and Termination of the Civil WarW. G. Blaikie, M. A.2 Samuel 3:1-39
People
Abigail, Abishai, Abital, Abner, Absalom, Adonijah, Ahinoam, Aiah, Amnon, Asahel, Benjamin, Benjamites, Chileab, Dan, David, Eglah, Gibeon, Haggith, Ishbosheth, Ithream, Jezreel, Jezreelitess, Jizreelitess, Joab, Laish, Maacah, Maachah, Michal, Nabal, Ner, Paltiel, Phaltiel, Rizpah, Saul, Shephatiah, Talmai, Zeruiah
Places
Bahurim, Beersheba, Bethlehem, Carmel, Dan, Geshur, Gibeon, Hebron
Topics
Abner, Agreement, Arise, Assemble, Compact, Covenant, David, Desire, Desires, Desireth, Gather, Hast, Heart, Heart's, Kingdom, League, Mayest, Peace, Reign, Reigned, Rule, Soul, Wide
Dictionary of Bible Themes
2 Samuel 3:21

     1346   covenants, nature of

2 Samuel 3:12-21

     5087   David, reign of

Library
The King --Continued.
The years thus well begun are, in the historical books, characterized mainly by three events, namely, the bringing up of the ark to the newly won city of David, Nathan's prophecy of the perpetual dominion of his house, and his victories over the surrounding nations. These three hinges of the narrative are all abundantly illustrated in the psalms. As to the first, we have relics of the joyful ceremonial connected with it in two psalms, the fifteenth and twenty-fourth, which are singularly alike not
Alexander Maclaren—The Life of David

The King.
We have now to turn and see the sudden change of fortune which lifted the exile to a throne. The heavy cloud which had brooded so long over the doomed king broke in lightning crash on the disastrous field of Gilboa. Where is there a sadder and more solemn story of the fate of a soul which makes shipwreck "of faith and of a good conscience," than that awful page which tells how, godless, wretched, mad with despair and measureless pride, he flung himself on his bloody sword, and died a suicide's death,
Alexander Maclaren—The Life of David

Of a Private Fast.
That we may rightly perform a private fast, four things are to be observed:--First, The author; Secondly, The time and occasion; Thirdly, The manner; Fourthly, The ends of private fasting. 1. Of the Author. The first that ordained fasting was God himself in paradise; and it was the first law that God made, in commanding Adam to abstain from eating the forbidden fruit. God would not pronounce nor write his law without fasting (Lev. xxiii), and in his law commands all his people to fast. So does our
Lewis Bayly—The Practice of Piety

A Believer's Privilege at Death
'For to me to live is Christ, and to die is gain.' Phil 1:1I. Hope is a Christian's anchor, which he casts within the veil. Rejoicing in hope.' Rom 12:12. A Christian's hope is not in this life, but he hash hope in his death.' Prov 14:42. The best of a saint's comfort begins when his life ends; but the wicked have all their heaven here. Woe unto you that are rich! for ye have received your consolation.' Luke 6:64. You may make your acquittance, and write Received in full payment.' Son, remember that
Thomas Watson—A Body of Divinity

The Morning of Good Friday.
The pale grey light had passed into that of early morning, when the Sanhedrists once more assembled in the Palace of Caiaphas. [5969] A comparison with the terms in which they who had formed the gathering of the previous night are described will convey the impression, that the number of those present was now increased, and that they who now came belonged to the wisest and most influential of the Council. It is not unreasonable to suppose, that some who would not take part in deliberations which were
Alfred Edersheim—The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah

Growth in Grace
'But grow in grace.' 2 Pet 3:38. True grace is progressive, of a spreading and growing nature. It is with grace as with light; first, there is the crepusculum, or daybreak; then it shines brighter to the full meridian. A good Christian is like the crocodile. Quamdiu vivet crescit; he has never done growing. The saints are not only compared to stars for their light, but to trees for their growth. Isa 61:1, and Hos 14:4. A good Christian is not like Hezekiah's sun that went backwards, nor Joshua's
Thomas Watson—A Body of Divinity

Samuel
Alike from the literary and the historical point of view, the book[1] of Samuel stands midway between the book of Judges and the book of Kings. As we have already seen, the Deuteronomic book of Judges in all probability ran into Samuel and ended in ch. xii.; while the story of David, begun in Samuel, embraces the first two chapters of the first book of Kings. The book of Samuel is not very happily named, as much of it is devoted to Saul and the greater part to David; yet it is not altogether inappropriate,
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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