2 Corinthians 3:9
For if the ministry of condemnation was glorious, how much more glorious is the ministry of righteousness!
For if
This phrase introduces a conditional statement, setting up a comparison between two ministries. The Greek word "εἰ" (ei) is used here, indicating a logical argument that Paul is making. It invites the reader to consider the implications of what follows, encouraging a reflective and analytical approach to understanding the nature of the two ministries being compared.

the ministry of condemnation
This refers to the Old Covenant, specifically the Mosaic Law, which, while holy and just, ultimately brought awareness of sin and thus condemnation. The Greek word for "condemnation" is "κατακρίσεως" (katakriseos), which implies a judgment against. Historically, the Law was given to Moses on Mount Sinai, and it was indeed glorious, as evidenced by the radiance of Moses' face. However, its purpose was to reveal sin and the need for a savior, highlighting humanity's inability to achieve righteousness on its own.

was glorious
The glory of the Old Covenant is acknowledged here. The Greek word "δόξα" (doxa) signifies honor, splendor, and brightness. The Law was glorious because it was given by God and revealed His holiness and standards. The historical context of the giving of the Law was accompanied by divine manifestations—thunder, lightning, and the presence of God on the mountain—demonstrating its glory and significance.

how much more glorious
This phrase emphasizes the superiority of the New Covenant. The Greek "πολλῷ μᾶλλον" (pollō mallon) suggests an overwhelming increase in glory. Paul is making a rhetorical argument that if the Old Covenant, which brought condemnation, was glorious, then the New Covenant, which brings righteousness, is far more glorious. This comparison is meant to inspire awe and appreciation for the work of Christ.

is the ministry of righteousness
This refers to the New Covenant established through Jesus Christ. The Greek word for "righteousness" is "δικαιοσύνης" (dikaiosynēs), which means justice or the quality of being right. Unlike the Old Covenant, which highlighted human sinfulness, the New Covenant imparts righteousness to believers through faith in Christ. This righteousness is not earned but is a gift from God, made possible by the sacrificial death and resurrection of Jesus. The New Covenant is characterized by the indwelling of the Holy Spirit, who empowers believers to live righteously.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Paul the Apostle
The author of 2 Corinthians, addressing the church in Corinth. He contrasts the old covenant with the new covenant.

2. Corinth
A major city in ancient Greece where the church Paul is addressing is located. Known for its diverse culture and significant challenges in maintaining Christian teachings.

3. Old Covenant
Refers to the Mosaic Law, which Paul describes as the "ministry of condemnation" due to its role in highlighting sin.

4. New Covenant
The covenant established through Jesus Christ, described as the "ministry of righteousness" because it brings justification and life.

5. Moses
The mediator of the Old Covenant, whose face shone with glory after receiving the Law, symbolizing the temporary glory of the old covenant.
Teaching Points
The Glory of the Old Covenant
The old covenant had a glory that was real and significant, as it revealed God's holiness and the seriousness of sin.

Understanding the purpose of the law helps us appreciate the need for a savior.

The Superiority of the New Covenant
The new covenant surpasses the old in glory because it brings righteousness and life through Jesus Christ.

Believers are called to live in the freedom and righteousness provided by Christ, not under the condemnation of the law.

Living in Righteousness
The ministry of righteousness empowers believers to live transformed lives, reflecting the glory of Christ.

Our lives should be a testament to the transformative power of the new covenant, marked by grace and truth.

The Role of the Holy Spirit
The Holy Spirit is central to the new covenant, enabling believers to live according to God's will.

Dependence on the Spirit leads to a life that glorifies God and fulfills the righteous requirements of the law.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does understanding the glory of the old covenant help us appreciate the new covenant in Christ?

2. In what ways can we ensure that we are living under the ministry of righteousness rather than falling back into a mindset of condemnation?

3. How does the transformation brought by the new covenant manifest in our daily lives and interactions with others?

4. What role does the Holy Spirit play in helping us live out the righteousness of the new covenant?

5. How can we use the understanding of the old and new covenants to share the gospel with others effectively?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Exodus 34:29-35
Describes Moses' face shining after receiving the Law, illustrating the glory of the old covenant.

Hebrews 8:6-13
Discusses the superiority of the new covenant over the old, emphasizing its better promises.

Romans 8:1-4
Explains how the law of the Spirit of life in Christ Jesus has set believers free from the law of sin and death.

Galatians 3:23-25
Highlights the purpose of the law as a guardian until Christ came, leading to justification by faith.
The Old and the NewJ.R. Thomson 2 Corinthians 3:6-11
Divine Revelation More Glorious in Christ than in MosesD. Thomas, D. D.2 Corinthians 3:7-11
Ministry of the Old Testament Compared with that of the NewC. Lipscomb 2 Corinthians 3:7-11
The Dispensations of the Law and Gospel ComparedH. J. Hastings, M. A.2 Corinthians 3:7-11
The Glory of the GospelC. Bradley, M. A.2 Corinthians 3:7-11
The Glory of the GospelW. W. Wythe.2 Corinthians 3:7-11
The Gospel IsJ. Stratten.2 Corinthians 3:7-11
The Ministration of the SpiritH. R, Reynolds, D. D.2 Corinthians 3:7-11
The Ministrations of Law and GospelH. Melvill, B. D.2 Corinthians 3:7-11
The Old Covenant and the NewR. Tuck 2 Corinthians 3:7-11
The Peculiar Glory of the GospelD. Dickson.2 Corinthians 3:7-11
The Two MinistrationsJ. Parker, D. D.2 Corinthians 3:7-11
Condemnation and RighteousnessJ. Denney, B. D.2 Corinthians 3:9-11
The Glory of the GospelJ. Jeffrey.2 Corinthians 3:9-11
The Glory of the GospelJ. H. Rice.2 Corinthians 3:9-11
The Permanent Elements of FaithNewman Smyth, D. D.2 Corinthians 3:9-11
The Pre-Eminence of the Gospel Above the LawBp. Smalridge.2 Corinthians 3:9-11
The Superior Glory of the Christian Over the Mosaic EconomyW. H. Murch.2 Corinthians 3:9-11
People
Corinthians, Israelites, Paul
Places
Achaia, Corinth
Topics
Abound, Abounds, Brings, Causing, Condemnation, Condemns, Dispensation, Doom, Exceed, Exceeds, Glorious, Glory, Greater, Law, Ministration, Ministry, Operation, Producing, Pronounces, Punishment, Rather, Righteousness, Service, Spirit, Splendor, Tells
Dictionary of Bible Themes
2 Corinthians 3:6-9

     4018   life, spiritual

2 Corinthians 3:6-17

     4906   abolition

2 Corinthians 3:8-9

     1352   covenant, the new

Library
Twelfth Sunday after Trinity Gospel Transcends Law.
Text: 2 Corinthians 3, 4-11. 4 And such confidence have we through Christ to God-ward: 5 not that we are sufficient of ourselves, to account anything as from ourselves; but our sufficiency is from God; 6 who also made us sufficient as ministers of a new covenant; not of the letter, but of the spirit: for the letter killeth, but the spirit giveth life. 7 But if the ministration of death, written, and engraven on stones, came with glory, so that the children of Israel could not look stedfastly upon
Martin Luther—Epistle Sermons, Vol. III

Transformation by Beholding
'We all, with open face beholding as in a glass the glory of the Lord, are changed into the same image.'--2 COR. iii. 18. This whole section of the Epistle in which our text occurs is a remarkable instance of the fervid richness of the Apostle's mind, which acquires force by motion, and, like a chariot-wheel, catches fire as it revolves. One of the most obvious peculiarities of his style is his habit of 'going off at a word.' Each thought is, as it were, barbed all round, and catches and draws into
Alexander Maclaren—Romans, Corinthians (To II Corinthians, Chap. V)

Spiritual Liberty
Liberty is the heirloom of all the sons and daughters of Adam. But where do you find liberty unaccompanied by religion? True it is that all men have a right to liberty, but it is equally true that you do not meet it in any country save where you find the Spirit of the Lord. "Where the Spirit of the Lord is, there is liberty." Thank God, this is a free country. This is a land where I can breathe the air and say it is untainted by the groan of a single slave; my lungs receive it, and I know there has
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 1: 1855

The Letter and the Spirit
(Twelfth Sunday after Trinity.) II COR. iii. 6. God, who hath made us able ministers of the New Testament; not of the letter, but of the Spirit: for the letter killeth, but the Spirit giveth life. When we look at the Collect, Epistle, and Gospel for to-day one after the other, we do not see, perhaps, what they have to do with each other. But they have to do with each other. They agree with each other. They explain each other. They all three tell us what God is like, and what we are to believe
Charles Kingsley—The Good News of God

Sermon for the Twelfth Sunday after Trinity
(From the Epistle for the day) Teaching us that we ought to receive God, in all His gifts, and in all His burdens, with true long-suffering. 2 Cor. iii. 6.--"The letter killeth, but the spirit giveth life." THERE are two sorts of men among God's friends; those of the Old Testament, and those of the New. All the men who should be saved before the birth of Christ had to observe the old dispensation with all its rites, until the new dispensation came with its laws and its rites. The old law served as
Susannah Winkworth—The History and Life of the Reverend Doctor John Tauler

How to Become Like Christ.
"But we all, with unveiled face reflecting as a mirror the glory of the Lord, are changed into the same image from glory to glory, even as by the Spirit of the Lord."--2 COR. iii. 18 (Revised Version). I suppose there is almost no one who would deny, if it were put to him, that the greatest possible attainment a man can make in this world is likeness to The Lord Jesus Christ. Certainly no one would deny that there is nothing but character that we can carry out of life with us, and that our prospect
Marcus Dods—How to become like Christ

That the Body and Blood of Christ and the Holy Scriptures are Most Necessary to a Faithful Soul
The Voice of the Disciple O most sweet Lord Jesus, how great is the blessedness of the devout soul that feedeth with Thee in Thy banquet, where there is set before it no other food than Thyself its only Beloved, more to be desired than all the desires of the heart? And to me it would verily be sweet to pour forth my tears in Thy presence from the very bottom of my heart, and with the pious Magdalene to water Thy feet with my tears. But where is this devotion? Where the abundant flowing of holy
Thomas A Kempis—Imitation of Christ

The Ministry of the New Covenant
"Ye are our epistle, written in our hearts, known and read of all men; being made manifest that ye are an epistle of Christ, ministered by us, written not with ink, but with the Spirit of the living God: not in tables of stone, but in tables that are hearts of flesh. And such confidence have we through Christ Godward: not that we are sufficient of ourselves, to account anything as from ourselves; but our sufficiency is from God: who also made us sufficient as ministers of a new covenant; not of the
Andrew Murray—The Two Covenants

The New Covenant: a Ministration of the Spirit
"Ye are an epistle of Christ, ministered by us, written not with ink, but with the Spirit of the living God; not on tables of stone, but on tables that are hearts of flesh . . . Our sufficiency is of God; who also made us sufficient as ministers of the New Covenant; not of the letter, but of the Spirit: for the letter killeth, but the Spirit giveth life. For if the ministration of death came with glory, how shall not rather the ministration of the Spirit be with glory? For if the ministration of
Andrew Murray—The Two Covenants

General Notes by the American Editor
1. The whole subject of the Apocalypse is so treated, [2318] in the Speaker's Commentary, as to elucidate many questions suggested by the primitive commentators of this series, and to furnish the latest judgments of critics on the subject. It is so immense a matter, however, as to render annotations on patristic specialties impossible in a work like this. Every reader must feel how apposite is the sententious saying of Augustine: "Apocalypsis Joannis tot sacramenta quot verba." 2. The seven spirits,
Victorinus—Commentary on the Apocolypse of the Blessed John

Let not Country Presbyters Give Letters Canonical, or Let them Send Such Letters Only To...
Let not country presbyters give letters canonical, or let them send such letters only to the neighbouring bishops. But the chorepiscopi of good report may give letters pacifical. Notes. Ancient Epitome of Canon VIII. A country presbyter is not to give canonical letters, or [at most] only to a neighbouring bishop. These "letters canonical" were called in the West letters "formatæ," and no greater proof of the great influence they had in the early days of the Church in binding the faithful together
Philip Schaff—The Seven Ecumenical Councils

Note F. Note from Bengel on Rom. I. 4.
According to the Spirit of Holiness. The word hagios, holy, when God is spoken of, not only denotes the blameless rectitude in action, but the very Godhead, or to speak more properly, the divinity, or excellence of the Divine nature. Hence hagiosune (the word here used) has a kind of middle sense between hagiotes, holiness, and hagiasmos, sanctification. Comp. Heb. xii. 10 (hagiotes or holiness), v. 14 (hagiasmos or sanctification). So that there are, as it were, three degrees: sanctification,
Andrew Murray—Holy in Christ

The Authority and Utility of the Scriptures
2 Tim. iii. 16.--"All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness." We told you that there was nothing more necessary to know than what our end is, and what the way is that leads to that end. We see the most part of men walking at random,--running an uncertain race,--because they do not propose unto themselves a certain scope to aim at, and whither to direct their whole course. According to men's particular
Hugh Binning—The Works of the Rev. Hugh Binning

Of the Effects of those Prerogatives.
From these prerogatives there will arise to the elect in heaven, five notable effects:-- 1. They shall know God with a perfect knowledge (1 Cor. i. 10), so far as creatures can possibly comprehend the Creator. For there we shall see the Word, the Creator; and in the Word, all creatures that by the Word were created; so that we shall not need to learn (of the things which were made) the knowledge of him by whom all things were made. The most excellent creatures in this life, are but as a dark veil
Lewis Bayly—The Practice of Piety

The Two Covenants: the Transition
"Now the God of peace, who brought again from the dead the great Shepherd of the sheep, in the blood of the everlasting covenant, even our Lord Jesus, make you perfect in every good thing to do His will, working in us that which is well-pleasing in His sight, through Jesus Christ."--HEB. xiii. 20, 21. THE transition from the Old Covenant to the New was not slow or gradual, but by a tremendous crisis. Nothing less than the death of Christ was the close of the Old. Nothing less than His resurrection
Andrew Murray—The Two Covenants

The Image of God in Man.
"As we have borne the image of the earthy, we shall also bear the image of the heavenly."--1 Cor. xv. 49. One more point remains to be discussed, viz., whether the divine image refers to the image of Christ. This singular opinion has found many warm defenders in the Church from the beginning. It originated with Origen, who with his brilliant, fascinating, and seducing heresies has unsettled many things in the Church; and his heresy in this respect has found many defenders both East and West. Even
Abraham Kuyper—The Work of the Holy Spirit

The Holy Scripture.
"All Scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness; that the man of God may be perfect, thoroughly furnished unto all good works."-- 2 Tim iii. 16, 17. Among the divine works of art produced by the Holy Spirit, the Sacred Scripture stands first. It may seem incredible that the printed pages of a book should excel His spiritual work in human hearts, yet we assign to the Sacred scripture the most conspicuous place
Abraham Kuyper—The Work of the Holy Spirit

The Bible in the Days of Jesus Christ
[Illustration: (drop cap S) Reading from a Roll--old Roman Painting] Slowly but surely, as time went on, God was adding to His Book, until about four hundred years before the birth of Jesus Christ the Old Testament Scriptures, in their present shape, were completed. Many questions have been asked as to how the canon of the Old Testament was formed--that is, how and when did the Jews first begin to understand that the Books of the Old Testament were inspired by God. About the first five Books--the
Mildred Duff—The Bible in its Making

Faith an Assurance and a Proof.
"Now faith is the assurance of things hoped for, the proving of things not seen. For therein the elders had witness borne to them. By faith we understand that the worlds have been framed by the word of God, so that what is seen hath not been made out of things which do appear."--HEB. xi. 1-3 (R.V.). It is often said that one of the greatest difficulties in the Epistle to the Hebrews is to discover any real connection of ideas between the author's general purpose in the previous discussion and the
Thomas Charles Edwards—The Expositor's Bible: The Epistle to the Hebrews

The Unsatisfied Life and Its Remedy
Cant. i. 2-ii. 7 There is no difficulty in recognizing the bride as the speaker in verses 2-7. The words are not those of one dead in trespasses and sins, to whom the LORD is as a root out of a dry ground--without form and comeliness. The speaker has had her eyes opened to behold His beauty, and longs for a fuller enjoyment of His love. Let Him kiss me with the kisses of His mouth: For Thy love [1] is better than wine. It is well that it should be so; it marks a distinct stage in the development
J. Hudson Taylor—Union and Communion

How those who Fear Scourges and those who Contemn them are to be Admonished.
(Admonition 14.) Differently to be admonished are those who fear scourges, and on that account live innocently, and those who have grown so hard in wickedness as not to be corrected even by scourges. For those who fear scourges are to be told by no means to desire temporal goods as being of great account, seeing that bad men also have them, and by no means to shun present evils as intolerable, seeing they are not ignorant how for the most part good men also are touched by them. They are to be admonished
Leo the Great—Writings of Leo the Great

Blessed and Tragic Unconsciousness
'... Moses wist not that the skin of his face shone while he talked with Him.'--EXODUS xxxiv. 29. '... And Samson wist not that the Lord had departed from him.'--JUDGES xvi. 20. The recurrence of the same phrase in two such opposite connections is very striking. Moses, fresh from the mountain of vision, where he had gazed on as much of the glory of God as was accessible to man, caught some gleam of the light which he adoringly beheld; and a strange radiance sat on his face, unseen by himself, but
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

Of the Necessity of Divine Influences to Produce Regeneration in the Soul.
Titus iii. 5, 6. Titus iii. 5, 6. Not by works of righteousness, which we have done, but according to his mercy he saved us, by the washing of regeneration, and renewing of the Holy Ghost; which he shed on us abundantly, through Jesus Christ our Saviour. IF my business were to explain and illustrate this scripture at large, it would yield an ample field for accurate criticism and useful discourse, and more especially would lead us into a variety of practical remarks, on which it would be pleasant
Philip Doddridge—Practical Discourses on Regeneration

Links
2 Corinthians 3:9 NIV
2 Corinthians 3:9 NLT
2 Corinthians 3:9 ESV
2 Corinthians 3:9 NASB
2 Corinthians 3:9 KJV

2 Corinthians 3:9 Commentaries

Bible Hub
2 Corinthians 3:8
Top of Page
Top of Page