2 Chronicles 34:29
Then the king summoned all the elders of Judah and Jerusalem.
Then the king
This phrase refers to King Josiah, one of the most notable kings of Judah, known for his religious reforms and dedication to the worship of Yahweh. The Hebrew word for "king" is "melek," which signifies a ruler with authority and responsibility over a nation. Josiah's kingship is marked by a return to the covenantal faithfulness that God desired from His people. His actions reflect a heart aligned with God's will, emphasizing the importance of godly leadership in guiding a nation back to righteousness.

summoned
The Hebrew root for "summoned" is "qara," which means to call out, proclaim, or invite. This action by Josiah is not merely a political move but a spiritual one, indicating a call to unity and collective repentance. It underscores the urgency and importance of the message he is about to deliver, as well as the need for communal participation in the renewal of the covenant with God.

all the elders
The term "elders" in Hebrew is "zaqen," referring to the leaders or senior figures within the community. These individuals held positions of respect and authority, often serving as representatives of the people. By summoning the elders, Josiah acknowledges the role of leadership in influencing and guiding the spiritual direction of the nation. It highlights the biblical principle that leaders are accountable for the spiritual welfare of those they lead.

of Judah and Jerusalem
This phrase specifies the geographical and political scope of Josiah's summons. Judah, the southern kingdom, and Jerusalem, its capital, were the heart of the Jewish nation. The mention of both signifies the comprehensive nature of the call to repentance and reform. Historically, Jerusalem was the center of worship and the location of the Temple, making it a focal point for religious renewal. This call to the elders of both Judah and Jerusalem emphasizes the need for a unified return to the worship of Yahweh, transcending local and tribal divisions.

Persons / Places / Events
1. King Josiah
The king of Judah who initiated religious reforms and sought to restore the worship of Yahweh. His reign is marked by a return to the covenant and a purging of idolatry.

2. Elders of Judah and Jerusalem
These are the leaders and representatives of the people, summoned by King Josiah to hear the reading of the Book of the Law and to renew the covenant with God.

3. Judah and Jerusalem
The southern kingdom of Israel, with Jerusalem as its capital. This is the central location for the religious and political activities during Josiah's reign.

4. The Book of the Law
Discovered during the temple renovations, this book is believed to be a form of Deuteronomy or the Pentateuch, which prompted Josiah's reforms.

5. The Temple
The central place of worship in Jerusalem, where the Book of the Law was found and where Josiah gathered the people to renew the covenant.
Teaching Points
The Importance of Godly Leadership
Josiah's leadership demonstrates the impact a godly leader can have on a nation. His commitment to God's Word led to national repentance and reform.

The Power of God's Word
The discovery and reading of the Book of the Law sparked a revival. God's Word has the power to convict, guide, and transform individuals and communities.

Community and Covenant Renewal
Josiah's gathering of the elders and people highlights the importance of communal commitment to God's covenant. Renewal often begins with a collective return to God's standards.

Responding to God's Revelation
Josiah's immediate response to the reading of the Law was action. Believers are called to respond to God's Word with obedience and faithfulness.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does Josiah's response to the discovery of the Book of the Law challenge us in our personal commitment to God's Word?

2. In what ways can we, like Josiah, influence our communities towards a renewed commitment to God?

3. What parallels can we draw between Josiah's reforms and the call for spiritual renewal in the New Testament?

4. How can we ensure that our leaders are guided by biblical principles, as Josiah was?

5. Reflect on a time when God's Word led you to make a significant change in your life. How did that experience shape your faith journey?
Connections to Other Scriptures
2 Kings 22-23
Provides a parallel account of Josiah's reforms and the discovery of the Book of the Law, offering additional details about his actions and motivations.

Deuteronomy 31:9-13
Describes the command to read the Law to all Israel, which Josiah fulfills by gathering the people to hear the Book of the Law.

Nehemiah 8:1-8
Similar to Josiah's actions, Ezra reads the Law to the people, leading to a renewal of commitment to God's covenant.
Finding the Book of the LawB. Kent, M.A.2 Chronicles 34:14-33
Josiah and the Newly Found LawA. Maclaren, D.D.2 Chronicles 34:14-33
Restoring God's HouseSunday School Times2 Chronicles 34:14-33
The Book of the Law FoundG. E. Horr.2 Chronicles 34:14-33
The Book of the Law FoundJ. E. Jacklin.2 Chronicles 34:14-33
The Loss of the ScripturesA. Phelps.2 Chronicles 34:14-33
The Scriptures Found and SearchedMonday Club Sermons2 Chronicles 34:14-33
Communication and ContinuanceW. Clarkson 2 Chronicles 34:29-33
Judah's Last National CovenantT. Whitelaw 2 Chronicles 34:29-33
People
Abdon, Ahikam, Asaiah, Azaliah, Benjamin, David, Hasrah, Hilkiah, Huldah, Israelites, Jahath, Joah, Joahaz, Job, Josiah, Kohath, Kohathites, Levites, Maaseiah, Manasseh, Merari, Meshullam, Micah, Naphtali, Obadiah, Shallum, Shaphan, Simeon, Tikvath, Zechariah
Places
Jerusalem, Second Quarter
Topics
Convened, Elders, Gathered, Gathereth, Got, Jerusalem, Judah, Responsible
Dictionary of Bible Themes
2 Chronicles 34:19-33

     8466   reformation

2 Chronicles 34:29-31

     4963   past, the
     8241   ethics, basis of

2 Chronicles 34:29-32

     7241   Jerusalem, significance
     8225   devotion

2 Chronicles 34:29-33

     7245   Judah, kingdom of
     8145   renewal, people of God
     8151   revival, corporate

Library
Josiah
'Josiah was eight years old when he began to reign, and he reigned in Jerusalem one and thirty years. 2. And he did that which was right in the sight of the Lord, and walked in the ways of David his father, and declined neither to the right hand, nor to the left. 3. For in the eighth year of his reign, while he was yet young, he began to seek after the God of David his father: and in the twelfth year he began to purge Judah and Jerusalem from the high places, and the groves, and the carved images,
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

Josiah and the Newly Found Law
'And when they brought out the money that was brought into the house of the Lord, Hilkiah the priest found a book of the law of the Lord given by Moses. 15. And Hilkiah answered and said to Shaphan the scribe, I have found the book of the law in the house of the Lord. And Hilkiah delivered the book to Shaphan. 16 And Shaphan carried the book to the king, and brought the king word back again, saying, All that was committed to thy servants, they do it. 17. And they have gathered together the money
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

The History Books
[Illustration: (drop cap T) Assyrian idol-god] Thus little by little the Book of God grew, and the people He had chosen to be its guardians took their place among the nations. A small place it was from one point of view! A narrow strip of land, but unique in its position as one of the highways of the world, on which a few tribes were banded together. All around great empires watched them with eager eyes; the powerful kings of Assyria, Egypt, and Babylonia, the learned Greeks, and, in later times,
Mildred Duff—The Bible in its Making

Josiah, a Pattern for the Ignorant.
"Because thine heart was tender, and thou hast humbled thyself before the Lord, when thou heardest what I spake against this place, and against the inhabitants thereof, that they should become a desolation and a curse, and hast rent thy clothes, and wept before Me; I also have heard thee, saith the Lord. Behold therefore, I will gather thee unto thy fathers, and thou shalt be gathered into thy grave in peace; and thine eyes shall not see all the evil which I will bring upon this place."--2 Kings
John Henry Newman—Parochial and Plain Sermons, Vol. VIII

Covenanting Performed in Former Ages with Approbation from Above.
That the Lord gave special token of his approbation of the exercise of Covenanting, it belongs to this place to show. His approval of the duty was seen when he unfolded the promises of the Everlasting Covenant to his people, while they endeavoured to perform it; and his approval thereof is continually seen in his fulfilment to them of these promises. The special manifestations of his regard, made to them while attending to the service before him, belonged to one or other, or both, of those exhibitions
John Cunningham—The Ordinance of Covenanting

Chronicles
The comparative indifference with which Chronicles is regarded in modern times by all but professional scholars seems to have been shared by the ancient Jewish church. Though written by the same hand as wrote Ezra-Nehemiah, and forming, together with these books, a continuous history of Judah, it is placed after them in the Hebrew Bible, of which it forms the concluding book; and this no doubt points to the fact that it attained canonical distinction later than they. Nor is this unnatural. The book
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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