1 Samuel 27:3

David and his men settled in Gath with Achish. Each man had his family with him, and David had his two wives: Ahinoam of Jezreel and Abigail of Carmel, the widow of Nabal.

Study Bible

David and his men settled in Gath
The phrase "David and his men settled in Gath" is significant in understanding David's strategic and survival decisions. Gath was one of the five Philistine city-states, and its mention here highlights David's complex relationship with the Philistines. Historically, Gath was a formidable city, known for its giants, including Goliath, whom David had previously defeated. The Hebrew root for "settled" (יָשַׁב, yashab) implies a sense of dwelling or abiding, indicating that David was seeking refuge and stability amidst his ongoing conflict with Saul. This move to Gath, under the protection of Achish, the Philistine king, reflects David's tactical acumen and his ability to navigate political landscapes for the safety of his men and their families.

with Achish
The name "Achish" is significant as it represents a Philistine king who had previously encountered David. Achish's willingness to harbor David suggests a level of respect or strategic advantage he saw in aligning with David. In the broader scriptural context, Achish's acceptance of David can be seen as part of God's providential care, using even foreign rulers to provide for His anointed. The historical context reveals that alliances between Israelites and Philistines, though rare, were not unheard of, and this relationship underscores the complexity of David's life as a fugitive.

each man with his family
This phrase emphasizes the communal aspect of David's leadership. Unlike many ancient leaders who might prioritize their own safety, David ensures that his men and their families are provided for. The Hebrew understanding of "family" (מִשְׁפָּחָה, mishpachah) encompasses a broader sense of kinship and community, reflecting the importance of familial bonds in Israelite society. This decision to bring families along highlights David's role not just as a military leader but as a shepherd of his people, caring for their holistic well-being.

and David had his two wives
The mention of "two wives" reflects the cultural and historical practices of the time, where polygamy was not uncommon among leaders. David's wives, Ahinoam and Abigail, are significant figures in his life. The Hebrew culture often viewed marriage as a means of alliance and social stability. This detail also foreshadows the complexities and challenges David would face in his personal life, which are explored in later narratives.

Ahinoam of Jezreel
Ahinoam's identification as "of Jezreel" provides geographical context, linking her to a specific region in Israel. Jezreel was a fertile valley, and its mention may indicate her family's prominence or the strategic importance of her marriage to David. The name Ahinoam (אֲחִינֹעַם) means "brother of pleasantness," which may reflect her character or the nature of her relationship with David.

and Abigail of Carmel, the widow of Nabal
Abigail is introduced with her background, "the widow of Nabal," which is crucial in understanding her role in David's life. Her previous marriage to Nabal, a wealthy but foolish man, and her subsequent wise intervention to prevent David from taking vengeance, are detailed in earlier chapters. Abigail's presence in David's life is a testament to her wisdom and discernment, qualities that were highly valued in Hebrew culture. Her account is a powerful example of God's providence and the impact of righteous actions.

Persons / Places / Events

1. David
The future king of Israel, anointed by Samuel, and a man after God's own heart. At this point, he is fleeing from King Saul.

2. Achish
The king of Gath, a Philistine city. David seeks refuge with him, despite the Philistines being traditional enemies of Israel.

3. Gath
A major Philistine city. It is significant as the place where David seeks asylum from Saul.

4. Ahinoam of Jezreel
One of David's wives, mentioned here as part of his household.

5. Abigail of Carmel
Another of David's wives, previously the wife of Nabal. Known for her wisdom and intervention that saved her household from David's wrath.

Teaching Points

Trust in God's Sovereignty
Despite being in enemy territory, David's life is preserved. This reminds us that God is sovereign over all circumstances, even when we are in difficult or unexpected places.

Family and Leadership
David's leadership includes his family. This highlights the importance of family in leadership roles and the need to care for those closest to us.

Wisdom in Adversity
David's decision to settle in Gath shows a strategic move to protect his men and their families. We can learn to seek God's wisdom in making decisions during challenging times.

God's Provision in Unlikely Places
David finds refuge among the Philistines, showing that God can provide for us in the most unlikely places and through unexpected means.

The Role of Women in Biblical Narratives
Ahinoam and Abigail are mentioned, reminding us of the significant roles women play in God's account. Abigail's earlier actions had a profound impact on David's life.

Bible Study Questions

1. What does David's decision to settle in Gath with Achish reveal about his trust in God and his strategic thinking?

2. How does the presence of David's family in Gath influence our understanding of his leadership and priorities?

3. In what ways can we see God's provision and protection in our lives, even in places or situations that seem hostile or unlikely?

4. How do the accounts of Ahinoam and Abigail contribute to our understanding of the role of women in the Bible and in God's plan?

5. Reflect on a time when you had to make a difficult decision in a challenging situation. How can David's example guide you in seeking God's wisdom and provision?

Connections to Other Scriptures

1 Samuel 21
Earlier, David had fled to Achish in Gath but had to feign madness to escape. This shows a progression in David's relationship with Achish.

1 Samuel 25
The account of Abigail and Nabal, highlighting Abigail's wisdom and eventual marriage to David.

Psalm 34
Traditionally attributed to David during his time with the Philistines, reflecting his trust in God despite his circumstances.