1 Samuel 24:6

So he said to his men, "The LORD forbid that I should do such a thing to my master, the LORD's anointed. May I never lift my hand against him, since he is the LORD's anointed."

Study Bible

So he said to his men
This phrase sets the scene for a moment of profound leadership and moral clarity. David, though surrounded by his men who might have encouraged him to seize the opportunity to kill Saul, chooses to speak words of restraint. The Hebrew root for "said" (אָמַר, 'amar) often implies not just speaking, but declaring or commanding, indicating the authority and conviction behind David's words. This moment highlights the importance of righteous leadership and the influence of a leader's words on their followers.

The LORD forbid
Here, David invokes the name of the LORD (יהוה, Yahweh), the covenantal name of God, to express a strong moral prohibition. The phrase suggests a deep reverence for God's will and commands. In the historical context, invoking the LORD's name in such a manner underscores the seriousness of the vow and the divine authority behind it. David's use of this phrase reflects his understanding that his actions must align with God's will, not merely human opportunity or desire.

that I should do such a thing
David acknowledges the gravity of the potential action against Saul. The phrase "such a thing" (הַדָּבָר הַזֶּה, ha-davar ha-zeh) implies a deed of significant moral consequence. In the cultural and historical context of ancient Israel, actions against a king, especially one anointed by God, were not just political but deeply spiritual and ethical issues. David's recognition of this reflects his commitment to righteousness over expediency.

to my master
By referring to Saul as "my master" (אֲדֹנִי, adoni), David acknowledges Saul's legitimate authority and position, despite Saul's pursuit of him. This term of respect highlights David's humility and recognition of the established order. In a broader scriptural context, it serves as a reminder of the importance of respecting God-ordained authority, even when it is flawed or unjust.

the LORD’s anointed
The term "anointed" (מָשִׁיחַ, mashiach) is significant, as it denotes someone chosen and consecrated by God for a specific purpose. In the historical context, anointing was a sacred act that set individuals apart for divine service, often kings or priests. David's recognition of Saul as "the LORD’s anointed" underscores his respect for God's choice and timing, and his refusal to usurp God's plan.

May I never lift my hand against him
This phrase expresses David's commitment to non-violence against Saul, despite the provocation and opportunity. The Hebrew idiom "lift my hand" (שָׁלַח יָד, shalach yad) implies taking action, particularly aggressive or harmful action. David's restraint is a powerful testament to his faith and trust in God's justice and timing, serving as an example of patience and integrity.

since he is the LORD’s anointed
David reiterates the sacred status of Saul as "the LORD’s anointed," reinforcing the idea that Saul's position is divinely ordained. This repetition emphasizes the gravity of the situation and David's unwavering commitment to honoring God's decisions. In a broader theological context, it highlights the belief in God's sovereignty and the importance of submitting to His will, even when it challenges personal desires or logic.

Persons / Places / Events

1. David
The future king of Israel, anointed by God, who is currently being pursued by King Saul.

2. Saul
The first king of Israel, who is seeking to kill David out of jealousy and fear of losing his throne.

3. The Cave at En Gedi
A location in the wilderness where David and his men are hiding, and where Saul unknowingly enters.

4. David’s Men
Loyal followers of David who encourage him to take advantage of the opportunity to kill Saul.

5. The LORD’s Anointed
A term referring to Saul, emphasizing his divine appointment as king despite his current disobedience.

Teaching Points

Respect for God’s Anointed
David’s refusal to harm Saul highlights the importance of respecting those whom God has placed in authority, even when they are flawed.

Trust in God’s Timing
David’s decision to wait on God’s timing for his ascension to the throne teaches us to trust in God’s plan rather than taking matters into our own hands.

Integrity in Adversity
David’s integrity in sparing Saul’s life, despite the pressure from his men, serves as a model for maintaining righteousness under pressure.

The Power of Restraint
Exercising restraint and choosing not to retaliate against those who wrong us can be a powerful testimony of faith and obedience to God.

The Role of Conscience
David’s conscience is sensitive to God’s will, reminding us to cultivate a conscience that aligns with God’s Word and Spirit.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does David’s respect for Saul as the LORD’s anointed challenge us in our interactions with authority figures today?

2. In what ways can we apply David’s trust in God’s timing to situations in our own lives where we are tempted to take control?

3. How does David’s example of integrity inspire us to act righteously in difficult circumstances?

4. What are some practical ways we can exercise restraint and forgiveness towards those who have wronged us, in light of David’s actions?

5. How can we develop a conscience that is sensitive to God’s leading, as demonstrated by David in this passage?

Connections to Other Scriptures

1 Samuel 26
Another instance where David spares Saul’s life, reinforcing his respect for God’s anointed.

Romans 12:19
Paul’s teaching on leaving vengeance to God, which aligns with David’s refusal to harm Saul.

Psalm 105:15
A reminder not to harm God’s anointed, echoing David’s sentiment in this passage.

Matthew 5:44
Jesus’ command to love our enemies, which David exemplifies by sparing Saul.

Exodus 22:28
The law against cursing a ruler, which David adheres to by respecting Saul’s position.