1 Kings 5:1

Now when Hiram king of Tyre heard that Solomon had been anointed king in his father's place, he sent envoys to Solomon; for Hiram had always been a friend of David.

Study Bible

Now when Hiram king of Tyre
Hiram, the king of Tyre, is a significant figure in the narrative of Solomon's reign. Tyre was a prominent Phoenician city known for its wealth and skilled artisans. Historically, Tyre was a major center of trade and commerce, and its relationship with Israel was mutually beneficial. The mention of Hiram highlights the international alliances that Solomon would continue to foster, following in the footsteps of his father, David. The Hebrew root for "Hiram" (חִירָם) can be associated with the meaning "my brother is exalted," which may reflect the high regard in which he was held.

heard that Solomon had been anointed king
The anointing of Solomon as king is a pivotal moment in Israel's history. Anointing, in the Hebrew tradition, signifies being set apart for a divine purpose. The Hebrew word for "anointed" (מָשַׁח, mashach) is the same root from which "Messiah" is derived, indicating a special consecration by God. Solomon's anointing was not just a political act but a spiritual one, affirming God's choice and blessing upon him to lead Israel. This act would have been known throughout the region, signaling a new era of leadership.

to succeed his father David
David, Solomon's father, was a revered king, known for uniting the tribes of Israel and establishing Jerusalem as the political and spiritual center. The phrase "to succeed his father David" underscores the continuity of the Davidic dynasty, which was central to God's covenant with Israel. This succession was not merely hereditary but was seen as the fulfillment of God's promise to David that his lineage would endure. Solomon's reign was expected to build upon the foundation laid by David, both in terms of governance and spiritual leadership.

he sent envoys to Solomon
The sending of envoys by Hiram signifies diplomatic relations and the importance of maintaining alliances. In the ancient Near East, such gestures were crucial for peace and prosperity. Envoys were often bearers of gifts and messages, facilitating communication between nations. This act by Hiram indicates his recognition of Solomon's legitimacy and his desire to continue the friendly relations established with David. It reflects the wisdom in diplomacy and the value of maintaining strong, peaceful ties with neighboring nations.

because Hiram had always been a friend of David
The friendship between Hiram and David is a testament to the personal and political alliances that can transcend generations. The Hebrew word for "friend" (אָהֵב, ahav) conveys a deep sense of love and loyalty. This enduring friendship suggests a bond that went beyond mere political convenience, rooted in mutual respect and shared interests. Hiram's continued support for Solomon is a reflection of the strength of this relationship, emphasizing the importance of loyalty and faithfulness in both personal and political spheres.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Hiram, King of Tyre
Hiram was the ruler of the Phoenician city of Tyre. Known for his wisdom and wealth, he maintained a strong alliance with King David and later with Solomon. His kingdom was renowned for its skilled craftsmen and valuable resources, particularly cedar wood.

2. Solomon
The son of David and Bathsheba, Solomon was anointed as the king of Israel. Known for his wisdom, Solomon was tasked with building the temple in Jerusalem, a project that required extensive resources and labor.

3. David
The former king of Israel and father of Solomon, David was a man after God's own heart. His reign established a strong and unified Israel, and he laid the groundwork for the construction of the temple.

4. Tyre
A significant Phoenician city known for its trade and skilled artisans. Tyre played a crucial role in providing materials and expertise for the construction of Solomon's temple.

5. Envoys
Representatives sent by Hiram to Solomon, signifying the continuation of the alliance and friendship between the two kingdoms.

Teaching Points

The Importance of Godly Alliances
Alliances, when rooted in mutual respect and shared goals, can be beneficial for fulfilling God's purposes. Hiram's friendship with David and Solomon facilitated the building of the temple, a central place of worship for Israel.

Legacy and Continuity
The relationship between Hiram and the house of David illustrates the importance of maintaining and honoring past alliances. Solomon's respect for his father's friendships ensured continued peace and prosperity.

Wisdom in Leadership
Solomon's ability to maintain and build upon his father's alliances demonstrates the wisdom needed in leadership. Leaders today can learn from Solomon's example to seek counsel and support from trusted allies.

God's Provision through Others
God often provides for His people through the resources and skills of others. Hiram's contribution to the temple construction is a reminder that God can use anyone, even those outside the covenant community, to accomplish His purposes.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the alliance between Hiram and Solomon reflect the importance of maintaining godly relationships in our own lives?

2. In what ways can we, like Solomon, build upon the spiritual and relational legacies left by those who came before us?

3. How can we discern which alliances or friendships are beneficial for fulfilling God's purposes in our lives?

4. What are some modern examples of how God provides for His people through the skills and resources of others?

5. How can we apply the wisdom of Solomon in our leadership roles, whether in the church, workplace, or family?

Connections to Other Scriptures

2 Samuel 5:11
This passage describes how Hiram sent materials and craftsmen to David, establishing the initial relationship between Tyre and Israel.

1 Chronicles 14:1
Similar to 2 Samuel 5:11, it highlights Hiram's support for David, which sets the stage for his later support of Solomon.

2 Chronicles 2:3
Solomon's correspondence with Hiram regarding the temple construction, showing the continuation of their alliance.

Psalm 72:10
A psalm attributed to Solomon, which speaks of kings bringing gifts, possibly alluding to alliances like that with Hiram.