1 Chronicles 11:6

Now David had said, "Whoever is the first to strike down a Jebusite will become chief commander." And Joab son of Zeruiah went up first, and he became the chief.

Study Bible

Now David had said
This phrase introduces a direct statement from David, the anointed king of Israel. The Hebrew root for "said" is "אָמַר" (amar), which often denotes a declaration or command. David's words carry the weight of royal authority and divine anointing, reflecting his role as a leader chosen by God. Historically, David's leadership was pivotal in uniting the tribes of Israel and establishing Jerusalem as the political and spiritual center.

Whoever leads the attack
The phrase indicates a challenge or a call to action. The Hebrew word for "leads" is "יַכֶּה" (yakkah), meaning to strike or attack. This reflects the military context of the time, where leadership was often proven through acts of bravery and skill in battle. David's challenge was a test of courage and initiative, qualities essential for leadership in ancient Israel.

against the Jebusites
The Jebusites were the original inhabitants of Jerusalem, a Canaanite tribe. Archaeological evidence and historical records suggest that the Jebusites were a well-established people with a fortified city. The conquest of Jerusalem was significant, as it symbolized the fulfillment of God's promise to give the land to the Israelites. The Jebusites' stronghold represented a major obstacle to Israelite control over the region.

will become chief commander
This promise of leadership is significant in the context of David's reign. The Hebrew term for "chief commander" is "רֹאשׁ" (rosh), meaning head or leader. It implies a position of authority and responsibility. In the ancient Near Eastern context, military leaders were often second only to the king, wielding significant influence and power. David's offer was both an incentive and a means to identify capable leaders.

And Joab son of Zeruiah
Joab, a prominent figure in David's military, was the son of Zeruiah, David's sister. His familial connection to David is noteworthy, as it highlights the importance of family ties and loyalty in the socio-political structure of ancient Israel. Joab's actions throughout David's reign demonstrate his complex character—loyal yet ruthless, a skilled warrior and a shrewd tactician.

went up first
The phrase "went up" suggests initiative and bravery. The Hebrew root "עָלָה" (alah) means to ascend or go up, often used in military contexts to describe an attack or advance. Joab's willingness to lead the charge exemplifies the courage and determination valued in Israelite society. His actions set a precedent for leadership through action and personal risk.

and he became chief
Joab's reward for his bravery was the position of chief commander. This outcome underscores the biblical principle that God honors those who step out in faith and courage. Joab's rise to leadership illustrates the meritocratic aspect of David's rule, where ability and bravery were recognized and rewarded. His appointment as chief commander had lasting implications for David's military campaigns and the stability of his kingdom.

Persons / Places / Events

1. David
The anointed king of Israel, known for his leadership and heart for God. In this passage, he is establishing his rule over Jerusalem.

2. Joab
The son of Zeruiah, David's sister, making him David's nephew. Joab is a prominent military leader in David's army and becomes chief commander by taking initiative in this event.

3. Jebusites
The original inhabitants of Jerusalem, a Canaanite tribe that David's forces needed to conquer to establish Jerusalem as the capital of Israel.

4. Jerusalem
Also known as Jebus at the time, it becomes the political and spiritual center of Israel under David's rule.

5. Zeruiah
David's sister and the mother of Joab, Abishai, and Asahel, all of whom were significant figures in David's military.

Teaching Points

Leadership and Initiative
David's challenge to his men highlights the importance of initiative in leadership. Joab's willingness to act decisively earned him a position of authority. In our lives, taking initiative in service to God can lead to greater responsibilities and opportunities.

Faith and Action
The conquest of Jerusalem required both faith in God's promises and action to fulfill them. Similarly, believers are called to trust in God's plans and actively participate in His work.

God's Sovereignty in Leadership
The appointment of leaders, like Joab, demonstrates God's sovereignty in establishing authority. We should pray for and support our leaders, trusting that God is at work through them.

The Importance of Jerusalem
This event marks the beginning of Jerusalem's central role in Israel's history. Understanding its significance helps us appreciate its place in biblical prophecy and God's redemptive plan.

Bible Study Questions

1. What qualities did Joab demonstrate by being the first to strike down the Jebusites, and how can we apply these qualities in our own lives?

2. How does the conquest of Jerusalem by David's forces reflect God's promises to Israel, and what does this teach us about God's faithfulness?

3. In what ways can we take initiative in our spiritual lives and communities, similar to Joab's actions in this passage?

4. How does the establishment of Jerusalem as the capital city relate to its future significance in biblical prophecy and the life of Jesus?

5. What can we learn from David's leadership style in this passage, and how can we apply these lessons in our roles within the church and society?

Connections to Other Scriptures

2 Samuel 5:6-10
This passage provides a parallel account of David's conquest of Jerusalem, offering additional details about the strategy and significance of the event.

1 Chronicles 27:34
This verse lists Joab as the commander of the army, confirming his long-term role and influence in David's reign.

Psalm 122
Written by David, this psalm reflects the significance of Jerusalem as a place of worship and unity for the tribes of Israel.