Luke 1:9

he was chosen by lot, according to the custom of the priesthood, to enter the temple of the Lord and burn incense.

Study Bible

he was chosen by lot
In the context of ancient Israel, the practice of casting lots was a common method for making decisions, especially in religious contexts. The Greek word used here is "κληροῦσθαι" (klērousthai), which implies a divine selection process. This method was believed to reflect God's will, as seen in Proverbs 16:33, "The lot is cast into the lap, but its every decision is from the LORD." The use of lots ensured that the selection was impartial and divinely guided, emphasizing the sovereignty of God in the affairs of His people.

according to the custom of the priesthood
The phrase refers to the established traditions and regulations governing the duties of the priests in the temple. The priesthood was a hereditary office, descending from Aaron, and was highly structured. The "custom" here indicates the meticulous observance of the Law of Moses, as outlined in the Torah, particularly in the books of Exodus and Leviticus. This adherence to tradition underscores the continuity of worship practices from the Old Testament to the time of Jesus, highlighting the faithfulness of God’s people in maintaining His ordinances.

to enter the temple of the Lord
The temple, referred to here, is the Second Temple in Jerusalem, a central place of worship for the Jewish people. The Greek word "ναὸν" (naon) signifies the sacred space where God's presence dwelt among His people. Entering the temple was a significant honor and responsibility, reserved for the priests who served as mediators between God and Israel. This act symbolizes the holiness and reverence required in approaching God, reflecting the deep spiritual significance of the temple as the heart of Jewish worship and identity.

to burn incense
Burning incense was a vital part of the temple service, symbolizing the prayers of the people ascending to God. The Greek word "θυμιάσαι" (thymiasai) is used here, indicating the act of offering incense. This ritual is rooted in Exodus 30:7-8, where Aaron is instructed to burn incense every morning and evening. Incense represents the sweet aroma of worship and intercession, a pleasing offering to God. It serves as a reminder of the continuous need for prayer and the priestly role in facilitating communion between God and His people.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Zechariah
A priest from the division of Abijah, chosen to burn incense in the temple. His selection by lot signifies divine appointment and favor.

2. Temple of the Lord
The sacred place in Jerusalem where Jewish priests performed their duties. It symbolizes God's presence among His people.

3. Burning Incense
A priestly duty symbolizing prayer and intercession. It represents the prayers of the people rising to God.

4. Lot
The method used to select priests for temple duties, reflecting God's sovereignty in decision-making.

5. Priesthood
The Levitical order responsible for temple worship and sacrifices, emphasizing holiness and service to God.

Teaching Points

Divine Appointment
God orchestrates events in our lives, even through seemingly random processes like casting lots. Trust in His sovereignty and timing.

Symbolism of Incense
Our prayers are precious to God, like incense rising before Him. Cultivate a consistent prayer life, knowing it is a sweet aroma to the Lord.

Faithfulness in Service
Zechariah's faithful service, despite his personal struggles, reminds us to remain committed to our God-given duties.

God's Presence
The temple represents God's dwelling among His people. Seek to cultivate an awareness of God's presence in your daily life.

Priestly Role of Believers
As believers, we are called to be a royal priesthood (1 Peter 2:9). Embrace your role in interceding for others and serving God.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the casting of lots in Zechariah's account demonstrate God's sovereignty in our lives today?

2. In what ways can we ensure our prayers are like incense, rising continually before God?

3. What can we learn from Zechariah's faithfulness in his priestly duties, and how can we apply this to our own service to God?

4. How does the temple's significance in Zechariah's time relate to our understanding of God's presence in our lives now?

5. Reflect on the concept of the priesthood of all believers. How can you actively participate in this calling in your community?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Exodus 30:7-8
Describes the command for Aaron to burn incense, establishing the practice Zechariah follows.

Psalm 141:2
Compares prayer to incense, highlighting the symbolic nature of Zechariah's duty.

Proverbs 16:33
Discusses the casting of lots, emphasizing God's control over seemingly random events.

Hebrews 7:23-25
Relates to the priesthood and intercession, drawing parallels to Christ's eternal priesthood.