Judges 9:6

Then all the leaders of Shechem and Beth-millo gathered beside the oak at the pillar in Shechem and proceeded to make Abimelech their king.

Study Bible

Then all the leaders of Shechem and Beth-millo
The leaders of Shechem and Beth-millo represent the ruling class or influential figures in these areas. Shechem was a significant city in ancient Israel, located in the hill country of Ephraim. It held historical importance as a center of covenant renewal (Joshua 24:1-25) and was a city of refuge (Joshua 21:21). Beth-millo is less well-known, but it is thought to be a fortified area or structure within or near Shechem. The gathering of these leaders indicates a formal and significant political event.

gathered beside the oak at the pillar in Shechem
The oak at the pillar in Shechem is a notable landmark, possibly a sacred site. Oaks were often associated with significant events and covenants in the Old Testament (Genesis 12:6, Joshua 24:26). The pillar could be a standing stone, a common feature in ancient Near Eastern cultures used to mark important locations or events. This setting underscores the gravity of the occasion, as it is a place of historical and religious significance.

and proceeded to make Abimelech their king
Abimelech, the son of Gideon (also known as Jerubbaal), sought to establish himself as king, despite Israel's theocratic structure where God was considered the ultimate ruler. His kingship was not divinely appointed, contrasting with the later anointing of Saul and David. This act of making Abimelech king reflects the people's desire for centralized leadership, a recurring theme in Israel's history (1 Samuel 8:5-7). Abimelech's rule is marked by ambition and violence, foreshadowing the challenges Israel would face with human kingship.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Abimelech
The son of Gideon (also known as Jerubbaal) and his concubine from Shechem. He sought power and convinced the leaders of Shechem to make him king, leading to a violent and tumultuous reign.

2. Leaders of Shechem
The influential figures in the city of Shechem who supported Abimelech's claim to kingship, demonstrating the political dynamics and alliances of the time.

3. Beth-millo
A location or structure associated with Shechem, possibly a fortress or a significant building, indicating the place of gathering for the coronation.

4. The Great Tree at the Pillar in Shechem
A significant landmark in Shechem, possibly a place of worship or judgment, where Abimelech was made king. This location holds historical and religious significance, as it was also where Joshua renewed the covenant with Israel.

5. Shechem
An ancient city with a rich biblical history, known for its central role in various covenantal events and its strategic and religious importance in Israel.

Teaching Points

The Dangers of Ambition and Power
Abimelech's account warns against the pursuit of power for selfish reasons. His ambition led to destructive consequences, reminding us to seek leadership roles with humility and a servant's heart.

The Influence of Leaders
The leaders of Shechem played a crucial role in Abimelech's rise. This highlights the responsibility of leaders to make decisions that align with God's will and the potential impact of their choices on the community.

The Importance of Covenant Faithfulness
Shechem's history as a place of covenant reminds us of the importance of remaining faithful to God's promises and commands, even when tempted by worldly power and influence.

God's Sovereignty Amidst Human Failings
Despite Abimelech's unrighteous actions, God's sovereignty is evident throughout the account. This reassures us that God can work through human failings to accomplish His purposes.

Bible Study Questions

1. What motivated the leaders of Shechem to support Abimelech, and how can we discern our motivations when choosing leaders today?

2. How does the history of Shechem as a place of covenant influence our understanding of the events in Judges 9:6?

3. In what ways can the account of Abimelech serve as a warning against the misuse of power and ambition in our own lives?

4. How do the events in Judges 9:6 reflect the broader theme of Israel's struggle with leadership and faithfulness to God?

5. Considering God's sovereignty in the account of Abimelech, how can we trust in God's plan even when human leadership fails us?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Judges 8:33-35
These verses provide context for Abimelech's rise to power, highlighting Israel's unfaithfulness after Gideon's death and setting the stage for Abimelech's ambition.

Genesis 12:6-7
Shechem is first mentioned as a place where God appeared to Abram, establishing its significance as a site of divine encounter and covenant.

Joshua 24:25-26
Joshua made a covenant with the people at Shechem, underscoring the city's role as a place of covenant renewal and decision-making.

1 Samuel 8:4-7
The request for a king by the Israelites during Samuel's time parallels the leaders of Shechem's decision to crown Abimelech, reflecting the recurring theme of Israel's desire for human leadership over divine guidance.