Genesis 43:16

When Joseph saw Benjamin with his brothers, he said to the steward of his house, "Take these men to my house. Slaughter an animal and prepare it, for they shall dine with me at noon."

Study Bible

When Joseph saw Benjamin with them
The phrase begins with Joseph, the central figure in this narrative, who is now the vizier of Egypt. The Hebrew root for "saw" is רָאָה (ra'ah), which implies not just physical sight but also perception and understanding. Joseph's recognition of Benjamin, his only full brother, is significant. It marks a moment of emotional and familial connection, as Benjamin is the son of Rachel, Joseph's beloved mother. This sighting is pivotal, as it fulfills Joseph's earlier demand to see Benjamin, which was a test of his brothers' honesty and integrity.

he said to the steward of his house
The "steward" here is a trusted servant, indicating Joseph's high status and authority in Egypt. The Hebrew term for steward is אֲשֶׁר עַל־בֵּיתוֹ (asher al-bayto), meaning one who is over the house. This reflects the ancient Near Eastern practice where wealthy individuals had stewards to manage their household affairs. Joseph's command to the steward shows his intention to extend hospitality, a significant cultural value in the ancient world, especially in the context of reconciliation and peace.

Take these men to my house
The directive to "take" them to his house is an invitation into a place of safety and honor. In the ancient Near Eastern context, being brought into someone's home, especially a person of Joseph's stature, was a gesture of acceptance and protection. The Hebrew word for "house" is בַּיִת (bayit), which can also symbolize family and belonging. This act foreshadows the eventual reconciliation and restoration of Joseph's relationship with his brothers.

Slaughter an animal and prepare it
The instruction to "slaughter an animal" is rooted in the Hebrew word טָבַח (tabach), which means to kill or butcher for food. This act of preparing a meal is not merely about sustenance but is a ceremonial gesture of hospitality and fellowship. In the biblical context, sharing a meal often signifies covenantal relationships and peace offerings. Joseph's command to prepare a meal indicates his desire to create a setting for reconciliation and to extend grace to his brothers.

for they are to dine with me at noon
The phrase "dine with me" is significant, as dining together in the ancient world was an intimate act that signified trust and friendship. The Hebrew root for "dine" is אָכַל (akal), meaning to eat or consume. The specific mention of "noon" suggests a formal and significant meal, as noon was a time for the main meal of the day. This timing underscores the importance of the event, highlighting Joseph's intention to reveal his identity and reconcile with his brothers in a setting of peace and abundance.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Joseph
The governor of Egypt, who was sold into slavery by his brothers but rose to power. He is a central figure in this account, demonstrating wisdom and forgiveness.

2. Benjamin
The youngest son of Jacob and Joseph's full brother. His presence is crucial as Joseph's actions are influenced by seeing him.

3. Joseph's Steward
An unnamed servant who follows Joseph's instructions, playing a role in the unfolding events by preparing the meal.

4. Joseph's House
The setting for the meal, symbolizing a place of reconciliation and revelation.

5. The Meal
A significant event that foreshadows reconciliation and the unfolding of God's plan for Joseph's family.

Teaching Points

God's Sovereignty in Reconciliation
Joseph's actions demonstrate God's overarching plan for reconciliation and restoration within families. Trust in God's timing and sovereignty in your relationships.

The Importance of Forgiveness
Joseph's willingness to dine with his brothers, despite their past actions, highlights the power of forgiveness. Consider how you can extend forgiveness to those who have wronged you.

Hospitality as a Means of Grace
The act of preparing a meal for his brothers shows hospitality as a tool for healing and grace. Reflect on how you can use hospitality to mend broken relationships.

Recognizing God's Provision
The meal symbolizes God's provision and care. Acknowledge and give thanks for the ways God provides for you, even in difficult circumstances.

The Role of Family in God's Plan
Joseph's account emphasizes the importance of family in God's redemptive plan. Seek to strengthen and nurture your family relationships as part of God's purpose for your life.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Joseph's reaction to seeing Benjamin reflect his character and his relationship with God?

2. In what ways does this passage demonstrate the theme of reconciliation, and how can you apply this to a current relationship in your life?

3. How does the concept of hospitality in this passage relate to the New Testament teachings on loving your neighbor?

4. What can we learn from Joseph's example about trusting God's plan, even when we don't understand our circumstances?

5. How does the account of Joseph and his brothers encourage you to view your family relationships in light of God's redemptive purposes?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Genesis 42
The previous chapter sets the stage for this event, where Joseph's brothers first come to Egypt for grain, and Joseph recognizes them but they do not recognize him.

Genesis 45
This chapter reveals the culmination of Joseph's plan, where he reveals his identity to his brothers, leading to reconciliation.

Luke 15:11-32
The parable of the Prodigal Son, which also involves themes of forgiveness, reconciliation, and a celebratory meal.

Psalm 23:5
The imagery of a prepared table in the presence of enemies, reflecting God's provision and grace.