Galatians 4:5

to redeem those under the law, that we might receive our adoption as sons.

Study Bible

to redeem
The Greek word for "redeem" is "ἐξαγοράζω" (exagorazō), which means to buy out of slavery or to purchase freedom. In the historical context of the Roman Empire, redemption was a familiar concept, as slaves could be bought and set free. Spiritually, this signifies Christ's sacrificial act to liberate humanity from the bondage of sin and the constraints of the Mosaic Law. This redemption is not merely a transaction but a profound transformation, offering believers a new identity in Christ.

those under the law
This phrase refers to the Jewish people who were bound by the Mosaic Law. The Law, given through Moses, was a guide and a tutor, revealing God's standards and humanity's inability to achieve righteousness on their own. Historically, the Law served to highlight the need for a Savior. In a broader sense, it also applies to all who attempt to achieve righteousness through their own efforts. The Law's purpose was to lead us to Christ, who fulfills its requirements on our behalf.

that we might receive
The Greek word "λάβωμεν" (labōmen) implies an active reception, not a passive one. It suggests that the gift of adoption is available, but it must be accepted. This reflects the personal decision each believer must make to embrace the grace offered through Christ. The historical context of adoption in Roman culture involved a complete change of status, where the adopted person received a new identity and inheritance, mirroring the spiritual transformation believers undergo.

our adoption as sons
The term "adoption" in Greek is "υἱοθεσία" (huiothesia), which means placing as a son. In Roman society, adoption was a legal act that conferred all the rights and privileges of a natural-born child. Spiritually, this signifies the believer's new relationship with God, where they are not merely servants but beloved children with full access to the Father's inheritance. This adoption is a testament to God's love and grace, elevating believers to a status of intimacy and privilege in His family.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Paul the Apostle
The author of the letter to the Galatians, addressing the churches in Galatia to correct false teachings and affirm the true gospel.

2. Galatians
The recipients of the letter, a group of early Christian communities in the region of Galatia, struggling with the influence of Judaizers who insisted on adherence to the Mosaic Law.

3. Jesus Christ
Central to the message of redemption and adoption, whose sacrificial death and resurrection made it possible for believers to be redeemed from the law.

4. The Law
Refers to the Mosaic Law, which was given to the Israelites and served as a guardian until Christ came.

5. Adoption as Sons
A key theme in this verse, highlighting the transformation from being under the law to becoming children of God through faith in Christ.

Teaching Points

Redemption from the Law
Jesus' mission was to redeem us from the bondage of the law, which we could not fulfill on our own. This redemption is a gift of grace, not earned by works.

Adoption as Sons
Through Christ, we are not only freed from the law but also brought into a familial relationship with God. This adoption signifies a new identity and inheritance.

Identity in Christ
Understanding our identity as children of God should transform how we live, think, and interact with others. We are no longer slaves to sin but heirs of God's promises.

Freedom and Responsibility
Our freedom in Christ comes with the responsibility to live according to the Spirit, reflecting our status as God's children in our daily lives.

Assurance of God's Love
Adoption assures us of God's unchanging love and commitment. We can approach Him with confidence, knowing we are His beloved children.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does understanding our redemption from the law change our perspective on grace and works?

2. In what ways does the concept of adoption as sons impact your personal identity and self-worth?

3. How can we practically live out our identity as children of God in our daily interactions and decisions?

4. What are some challenges you face in embracing your freedom in Christ, and how can you overcome them?

5. How do the additional scriptures on adoption and redemption deepen your understanding of Galatians 4:5?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Romans 8:15-17
This passage also speaks about the spirit of adoption and being heirs with Christ, emphasizing the intimate relationship believers have with God as His children.

Ephesians 1:5
Discusses predestination to adoption through Jesus Christ, underscoring God's eternal plan for believers.

John 1:12-13
Highlights the right to become children of God through belief in Jesus, reinforcing the concept of spiritual adoption.

Hebrews 2:14-15
Explains how Jesus shared in humanity to free those who were held in slavery by the fear of death, connecting to the theme of redemption.

1 John 3:1
Celebrates the love of God that allows believers to be called children of God, reflecting the privilege and identity of adoption.