Ezekiel 27:18

Because of your many products and your great wealth of goods, Damascus traded with you wine from Helbon, wool from Zahar,

Study Bible

Damascus
Damascus, one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world, was a significant trade center in ancient times. Its mention here highlights its importance in the economic landscape of the ancient Near East. Historically, Damascus was known for its strategic location on trade routes, connecting the East and West. This city symbolizes the interconnectedness of nations through commerce and the exchange of goods and culture.

was your merchant
The term "merchant" in this context refers to a trader or a commercial partner. In the Hebrew text, the word used is "רֹכֶל" (rokhel), which implies a trader or peddler. This indicates a relationship of economic exchange and mutual benefit. The role of merchants was crucial in the ancient world, as they facilitated the flow of goods, ideas, and wealth between different regions.

because of your many wares
The phrase "many wares" suggests a variety of goods and products that were available for trade. This abundance reflects the prosperity and wealth of the city being addressed, which in the broader context of Ezekiel 27, is Tyre. Tyre was known for its extensive trade networks and diverse merchandise, which attracted merchants from various regions, including Damascus.

with emeralds
Emeralds, precious gemstones, were highly valued in ancient times for their beauty and rarity. The Hebrew word "נֹפֶךְ" (nofekh) is often translated as "emerald" or "turquoise." These stones were likely sourced from regions known for their mineral wealth and were a symbol of luxury and status.

purple
Purple dye, derived from the murex snail, was a luxury item in the ancient world, often associated with royalty and wealth. The production of purple dye was labor-intensive and costly, making it a highly prized commodity. The mention of purple underscores the opulence and high status of the goods traded by Tyre.

embroidered work
Embroidered textiles were another luxury item, showcasing intricate designs and skilled craftsmanship. Such textiles were often used in garments for the elite and in religious or ceremonial contexts. The Hebrew word "רִקְמָה" (rikmah) indicates the artistry and value of these items, reflecting the cultural and artistic achievements of the time.

fine linen
Fine linen, known for its quality and softness, was a sought-after material in the ancient world. It was used for clothing, especially for the upper classes, and in religious ceremonies. The Hebrew term "בּוּץ" (butz) refers to this high-quality fabric, symbolizing purity and refinement.

coral
Coral, used in jewelry and decoration, was valued for its beauty and rarity. It was often associated with the sea, fitting for Tyre, a maritime city. The inclusion of coral in the list of wares highlights the diverse and exotic nature of the goods traded.

and rubies
Rubies, like emeralds, were precious stones that signified wealth and status. The Hebrew word "אָדֶם" (odem) can refer to a red gemstone, often translated as "ruby" or "carnelian." These stones were prized for their vibrant color and were used in jewelry and ornamentation.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Damascus
An ancient city, one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world, known for its trade and commerce. In Ezekiel 27, it is depicted as a trading partner of Tyre, exchanging goods and wealth.

2. Tyre
A prominent ancient Phoenician city known for its wealth and maritime trade. Ezekiel 27 is a lamentation over Tyre, describing its extensive trade network and eventual downfall.

3. Helbon
A location known for its high-quality wine, mentioned here as part of the trade goods exchanged with Tyre. It highlights the luxury and wealth involved in Tyre's trading activities.

4. White Wool
A valuable commodity in ancient times, used for making fine garments. Its mention signifies the high-quality goods that were part of Tyre's trade.

5. Ezekiel
A prophet of God who delivered messages of judgment and hope to the Israelites during their Babylonian exile. His prophecies often included vivid imagery and symbolic language.

Teaching Points

The Fleeting Nature of Wealth
The passage reminds us that material wealth and prosperity are temporary and can lead to pride and downfall if not grounded in righteousness.

God's Sovereignty Over Nations
Just as God judged Tyre and Damascus, He remains sovereign over all nations today. This calls for humility and recognition of His ultimate authority.

The Dangers of Pride
Tyre's pride in its wealth and trade led to its downfall. Believers are cautioned to guard against pride and to seek humility before God.

The Importance of Righteous Trade
The passage highlights the importance of ethical and fair trade practices, reminding us to conduct our business dealings with integrity.

Trust in God, Not in Riches
The ultimate security and hope for believers lie in God, not in material possessions or economic success.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the description of Tyre's trade in Ezekiel 27:18 reflect the values and priorities of the city, and what can we learn from this about our own values?

2. In what ways does the fall of Tyre serve as a warning to modern societies that prioritize wealth and commerce over righteousness?

3. How can we apply the lesson of God's sovereignty over nations to our understanding of current global events?

4. What practical steps can we take to ensure that our business practices align with biblical principles of fairness and integrity?

5. How can we cultivate a heart that trusts in God rather than in material wealth, especially in a culture that often equates success with financial prosperity?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Isaiah 17
This chapter also speaks of the judgment against Damascus, providing a broader context of God's sovereignty over nations and their eventual accountability.

Revelation 18
The fall of Babylon in Revelation parallels the fall of Tyre, symbolizing the ultimate downfall of worldly wealth and pride before God's judgment.

Proverbs 11:28
This verse warns against trusting in riches, which connects to the theme of Tyre's reliance on its wealth and trade.