Ephesians 4:19

Having lost all sense of shame, they have given themselves over to sensuality for the practice of every kind of impurity, with a craving for more.

Study Bible

Having lost all sense of shame
This phrase indicates a state of moral insensitivity or callousness. The Greek word used here is "ἀπηλγηκότες" (apēlgēkotes), which conveys the idea of becoming apathetic or numb to moral and ethical standards. Historically, this reflects the Greco-Roman world’s moral decline, where societal norms often contradicted Christian values. In a conservative Christian perspective, this loss of shame is seen as a departure from God’s design for holiness and purity, emphasizing the importance of maintaining a conscience sensitive to sin.

they have given themselves over
The Greek term "παρέδωκαν" (paredōkan) suggests a deliberate surrender or handing over of oneself. This implies a willful decision to abandon oneself to sinful practices. In the context of Ephesians, Paul is addressing the Gentile converts, urging them to recognize the gravity of their past lives and the conscious choice they made to live apart from God’s righteousness. This phrase serves as a warning against complacency and the dangers of willingly embracing a lifestyle contrary to God’s will.

to sensuality
The word "ἀσέλγεια" (aselgeia) in Greek refers to unrestrained indulgence in sensual pleasures. It denotes a lifestyle characterized by excess and lack of self-control. In the historical context of Ephesus, a city known for its pagan worship and moral laxity, this term would resonate deeply with the audience. From a conservative Christian viewpoint, sensuality is seen as a destructive force that leads individuals away from the sanctity of a life dedicated to God, highlighting the need for self-discipline and purity.

for the practice of every kind of impurity
The Greek word "ἀκαθαρσία" (akatharsia) means uncleanness or impurity, often used in a moral or sexual sense. This phrase underscores the extent of moral corruption, indicating not just occasional lapses but a habitual lifestyle of impurity. In the scriptural context, Paul contrasts this with the holiness expected of believers. Conservative Christianity emphasizes the transformative power of Christ to cleanse and renew, calling believers to reject impurity and pursue righteousness.

with a craving for more
The phrase "πλεονεξία" (pleonexia) is translated as greed or covetousness, indicating an insatiable desire for more. This reflects a heart that is never satisfied, always seeking fulfillment in worldly pleasures rather than in God. Historically, this mirrors the materialistic and hedonistic tendencies prevalent in ancient societies, which are still relevant today. From a conservative Christian perspective, this craving is a symptom of spiritual emptiness that only a relationship with Christ can truly satisfy, urging believers to find contentment and joy in Him alone.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Paul the Apostle
The author of the letter to the Ephesians, Paul is writing to the church in Ephesus to instruct and encourage them in their faith.

2. Ephesus
A major city in Asia Minor, known for its diverse culture and the Temple of Artemis. It was a hub of commerce and pagan worship, which presented challenges for the early Christians living there.

3. The Ephesian Church
The recipients of Paul's letter, this early Christian community faced pressures from both Jewish and pagan influences, requiring guidance on how to live a life set apart for Christ.

Teaching Points

Understanding Sensuality and Impurity
The Greek word for "sensuality" (aselgeia) implies a lack of restraint and a shameless indulgence in sinful practices. Christians are called to recognize and avoid such behaviors.

The Danger of Desensitization
"Having lost all sense of shame" indicates a seared conscience. Believers must guard their hearts and minds to remain sensitive to the Holy Spirit's conviction.

The Cycle of Sinful Craving
The phrase "with a craving for more" highlights the insatiable nature of sin. True satisfaction is found only in Christ, not in the endless pursuit of worldly pleasures.

Living a Transformed Life
Paul contrasts the old way of life with the new life in Christ. Believers are encouraged to put off the old self and embrace the new, living in holiness and righteousness.

Community Accountability
The church community plays a vital role in encouraging one another to live according to God's standards, providing support and accountability.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the cultural context of Ephesus help us understand the challenges faced by the Ephesian church, and how can this inform our approach to living in today's world?

2. In what ways can we become desensitized to sin in our own lives, and how can we actively work to maintain a sensitive conscience?

3. How does the cycle of craving more relate to the concept of idolatry, and what steps can we take to find true satisfaction in Christ?

4. What practical steps can we take to "put off" our old self and "put on" the new self in our daily lives?

5. How can we foster a community of accountability within our church or small group to help each other live according to God's standards?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Romans 1:24-25
This passage discusses how God gave people over to their sinful desires because they exchanged the truth of God for a lie, similar to the "giving themselves over to sensuality" mentioned in Ephesians 4:19.

1 Peter 4:3-4
Peter speaks about the past life of debauchery and how believers are now called to live differently, echoing the transformation Paul urges in Ephesians.

Galatians 5:19-21
Paul lists the acts of the flesh, including impurity and sensuality, which are contrary to the life led by the Spirit, paralleling the behaviors described in Ephesians 4:19.