Daniel 11:10

But his sons will stir up strife and assemble a great army, which will advance forcefully, sweeping through like a flood, and will again carry the battle as far as his fortress.

Study Bible

But his sons
This phrase refers to the successors of the king mentioned in the previous verse, specifically the sons of the king of the North. In the historical context, this is often understood to refer to the sons of Seleucus II, namely Seleucus III and Antiochus III (the Great). The Hebrew word for "sons" (בָּנִים, banim) can also imply descendants or successors, emphasizing the continuation of a dynastic struggle. This highlights the generational nature of conflict and the enduring legacy of familial ambition and rivalry.

will prepare for war
The Hebrew root for "prepare" (עָרַךְ, arak) conveys the idea of setting in order or arranging, often used in military contexts to describe the organization and readiness for battle. This preparation indicates a deliberate and strategic approach to warfare, underscoring the calculated nature of the sons' actions. It reflects the broader biblical theme of preparation and readiness, both in physical and spiritual battles.

and assemble a great army
The phrase "assemble a great army" speaks to the mobilization of significant military resources. The Hebrew word for "assemble" (קָבַץ, qavats) suggests gathering or collecting, often used in the context of bringing people together for a common purpose. Historically, this reflects the efforts of Antiochus III to consolidate power and resources to reclaim lost territories. The "great army" signifies not only numerical strength but also the might and influence wielded by these rulers.

which will advance like a flood
The imagery of advancing "like a flood" is powerful, evoking the unstoppable and overwhelming force of water. The Hebrew word for "flood" (שֶׁטֶף, sheteph) can imply a deluge or torrent, suggesting a swift and forceful movement. This metaphor is used throughout Scripture to describe overwhelming military campaigns or divine judgment, emphasizing the relentless and consuming nature of the advance.

and carry the battle
The phrase "carry the battle" indicates the successful prosecution of military campaigns. The Hebrew root for "carry" (בּוֹא, bo) often means to come or go, but in this context, it implies bringing or conducting the battle forward. This suggests not only the initiation of conflict but also the ability to sustain and push the battle lines forward, reflecting the aggressive and determined nature of the campaign.

as far as his fortress
The term "fortress" (מָעוֹז, ma'oz) refers to a place of strength or stronghold, often used in the Bible to denote a place of refuge or defense. In the historical context, this likely refers to the fortified cities or strongholds of the opposing king. The phrase indicates the extent of the military campaign, reaching deep into enemy territory. It underscores the theme of security and the ultimate vulnerability of even the strongest defenses when faced with determined opposition.

Persons / Places / Events

1. His Sons
Refers to the sons of the king of the North, likely the successors of Seleucus II, who were involved in the ongoing conflicts between the Seleucid Empire and the Ptolemaic Kingdom.

2. Great Army
The military force assembled by the sons of the king of the North, indicating a significant and powerful military campaign.

3. Irresistible Flood
A metaphor describing the overwhelming and unstoppable advance of the army, suggesting both the size and the force of the military campaign.

4. His Fortress
Refers to the stronghold or defensive position of the opposing king, likely the king of the South, representing the Ptolemaic Kingdom.

5. War and Battle
The ongoing conflict between the Seleucid and Ptolemaic kingdoms, part of the larger series of wars known as the Syrian Wars.

Teaching Points

Understanding Prophecy
Recognize the historical context of biblical prophecies and how they relate to God's overarching plan. This helps us trust in God's sovereignty over history.

Spiritual Warfare
Just as physical battles were fought in ancient times, Christians today face spiritual battles. We must be prepared with the armor of God (Ephesians 6:10-18).

God's Sovereignty
Despite the chaos and conflict described, God remains in control. This assurance can bring peace and confidence in the face of life's challenges.

The Power of Preparation
The sons prepared for war, highlighting the importance of preparation in our spiritual lives. Regular prayer, study, and fellowship equip us for spiritual battles.

Resilience in Adversity
The imagery of an "irresistible flood" reminds us to remain steadfast and resilient, trusting in God's strength to carry us through overwhelming circumstances.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does understanding the historical context of Daniel 11:10 enhance our comprehension of the prophecy?

2. In what ways can the metaphor of an "irresistible flood" be applied to spiritual challenges we face today?

3. How does the concept of preparation in this verse relate to the spiritual preparation described in Ephesians 6:10-18?

4. What can we learn about God's sovereignty from the conflicts described in Daniel 11, and how can this knowledge impact our daily lives?

5. How can the imagery of a fortress in this passage inspire us to seek refuge in God during times of trouble, as described in Psalm 46:1-3?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Daniel 8:9-12
This passage also describes the rise of a powerful force and its impact, providing a broader context for the conflicts described in Daniel 11.

Isaiah 8:7-8
The imagery of an "irresistible flood" is similar to the description of the Assyrian invasion, which also uses the metaphor of a flood to describe an overwhelming military force.

Revelation 12:15-16
The flood imagery is used again in a symbolic context, representing the overwhelming challenges faced by God's people and the divine intervention that protects them.