1 Samuel 23:6

(Now Abiathar son of Ahimelech had brought the ephod with him when he fled to David at Keilah.)

Study Bible

Now Abiathar son of Ahimelech
Abiathar was the only surviving son of Ahimelech, the high priest who was killed by King Saul's orders at Nob. This event is significant as it marks a turning point in the priesthood, with Abiathar becoming a key religious figure during David's rise to power. The lineage of Abiathar connects to the priestly line of Eli, fulfilling the prophecy of the downfall of Eli's house (1 Samuel 2:31-36).

had brought the ephod with him
The ephod was a priestly garment, often associated with the high priest, and was used for seeking God's guidance. Its presence with Abiathar signifies the continuation of legitimate priestly functions despite Saul's actions. The ephod's role in divination and decision-making is seen in other scriptures, such as when David inquires of the Lord (1 Samuel 23:9-12). This highlights the importance of seeking divine guidance in leadership.

when he fled to David at Keilah
Abiathar's flight to David signifies a shift in allegiance from Saul to David, indicating David's growing influence and the divine favor upon him. Keilah was a city in Judah, and David's presence there underscores his role as a protector of the people, foreshadowing his future kingship. This event also prefigures Christ as a refuge and protector for those who seek Him, as David becomes a refuge for Abiathar.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Abiathar
The son of Ahimelech, a priest who escaped the massacre of the priests at Nob by Saul. He fled to David, bringing with him the ephod, a priestly garment used for seeking God's guidance.

2. Ahimelech
The father of Abiathar and a priest who was killed by Saul for assisting David. His death marked a significant turning point in the priestly support for David.

3. David
The future king of Israel, who was at this time fleeing from King Saul. David was in Keilah, a city he had just saved from the Philistines.

4. Keilah
A city in Judah that David saved from the Philistines. It became a temporary refuge for David and his men.

5. Ephod
A sacred priestly garment associated with seeking divine guidance. Abiathar brought it to David, symbolizing the transfer of priestly support to David.

Teaching Points

The Importance of Seeking God's Guidance
Abiathar bringing the ephod to David symbolizes the importance of seeking divine guidance in times of uncertainty. As believers, we should prioritize seeking God's will in our decisions.

God's Provision in Times of Trouble
Abiathar's escape and the ephod's presence with David demonstrate God's provision and faithfulness. Even in dire circumstances, God provides the means for His people to seek Him.

The Role of Spiritual Leadership
Abiathar's alignment with David signifies the importance of spiritual leadership and support. As Christians, we should seek and support godly leaders who prioritize God's guidance.

The Transfer of God's Favor
The movement of the ephod from Saul's domain to David's camp signifies a shift in divine favor. It reminds us that God's plans and purposes prevail, even when human leadership fails.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Abiathar's decision to bring the ephod to David reflect his understanding of God's will and purpose?

2. In what ways can we seek God's guidance in our own lives, similar to how David used the ephod?

3. How does the account of Abiathar and David encourage us to trust in God's provision during difficult times?

4. What can we learn from the shift of spiritual leadership from Saul to David, and how does this apply to our understanding of God's sovereignty?

5. How do the events in 1 Samuel 23:6 connect with the broader account of God's plan for Israel, and what implications does this have for our faith journey?

Connections to Other Scriptures

1 Samuel 22:20-23
This passage provides the background of Abiathar's escape to David after the massacre at Nob, highlighting the beginning of his alliance with David.

Exodus 28:6-30
Describes the ephod and its significance in the priestly duties, emphasizing its role in seeking God's will.

Psalm 63
David's psalm written during his time in the wilderness, reflecting his reliance on God for guidance and protection, similar to his reliance on the ephod.