1 John 4:3
and every spirit that does not confess Jesus is not from God. This is the spirit of the antichrist, which you have heard is coming and which is already in the world at this time.
but every spirit that does not confess Jesus
The phrase "every spirit that does not confess Jesus" is crucial in understanding the early Christian community's struggle against false teachings. The Greek word for "confess" is "homologeó," which means to agree or acknowledge openly. In the context of 1 John, this confession is not merely verbal but involves a deep, heartfelt acknowledgment of Jesus Christ's divine nature and His incarnation. Historically, the early church faced numerous heresies, such as Docetism, which denied Jesus' true humanity. This phrase serves as a litmus test for discerning true believers from false teachers, emphasizing the necessity of recognizing Jesus as both fully God and fully man.

is not from God
The phrase "is not from God" indicates a clear demarcation between divine truth and deception. The Greek preposition "ek" (from) suggests origin or source. In the Johannine context, being "from God" implies alignment with God's truth and character. This distinction is vital for the early church, which was surrounded by various religious and philosophical ideas. The apostle John emphasizes that any teaching or spirit that does not acknowledge Jesus' true identity is not divinely inspired and should be rejected by the faithful.

This is the spirit of the antichrist
The term "antichrist" is derived from the Greek "antichristos," meaning "against Christ" or "in place of Christ." This phrase highlights the active opposition to Christ and His teachings. In the historical context of the early church, the "spirit of the antichrist" refers to the pervasive false teachings and deceptive ideologies that sought to undermine the gospel. John warns believers of these spiritual adversaries, urging them to remain vigilant and grounded in the truth of Christ.

which you have heard is coming
The phrase "which you have heard is coming" reflects the early Christian teaching and awareness of future challenges to the faith. The use of "heard" suggests that the community was already informed and warned about the rise of false prophets and teachings. This anticipation of the antichrist's coming serves as a call to preparedness and spiritual discernment, reminding believers of the ongoing spiritual battle and the need to uphold the truth.

and now is already in the world
The phrase "and now is already in the world" underscores the immediacy and presence of false teachings during John's time. The use of "already" indicates that the threat is not just a future concern but a present reality. This serves as a sobering reminder to the early church—and to believers today—of the constant presence of spiritual deception. It calls Christians to be ever watchful, discerning, and steadfast in their faith, relying on the Holy Spirit for guidance and strength in the face of opposition.

Persons / Places / Events
1. John the Apostle
The author of the epistle, one of Jesus' original twelve disciples, known for his close relationship with Jesus and his emphasis on love and truth.

2. Jesus Christ
Central figure of Christianity, whose divinity and humanity are affirmed by true believers.

3. Antichrist
A term used to describe those who oppose or deny Christ, embodying the spirit of deception and falsehood.

4. Early Christian Communities
The recipients of John's letter, facing challenges from false teachings and needing guidance on discerning truth.

5. False Prophets
Individuals spreading teachings contrary to the gospel, denying the true nature of Jesus Christ.
Teaching Points
Discernment of Spirits
Believers must test the spirits to determine whether they are from God, using the confession of Jesus Christ as a key criterion.

Recognition of False Teachings
Understanding that any teaching denying Jesus' divinity and humanity is not from God helps protect the faith community from deception.

Awareness of the Antichrist Spirit
The spirit of the antichrist is already present in the world, manifesting through false teachings and opposition to Christ.

Commitment to Truth
Upholding the truth of Jesus Christ as both fully God and fully man is essential for maintaining the integrity of the Christian faith.

Community Vigilance
Encouraging one another in the faith and holding each other accountable to sound doctrine strengthens the church against false teachings.
Bible Study Questions
1. How can we practically "test the spirits" in our daily lives to ensure we are following teachings that align with the truth of Jesus Christ?

2. In what ways can the spirit of the antichrist manifest in today's world, and how can we recognize it?

3. How does understanding the original Greek term "antichristos" deepen our comprehension of the opposition to Christ?

4. What role does community play in helping believers discern and stand firm against false teachings?

5. How can we apply the teachings of 1 John 4:3 to strengthen our personal faith and the faith of those around us?
Connections to Other Scriptures
1 John 2:18-22
Discusses the presence of many antichrists and the denial of Jesus as the Christ, reinforcing the theme of discerning true from false teachings.

2 John 1:7
Warns about deceivers who do not acknowledge Jesus Christ as coming in the flesh, echoing the message of 1 John 4:3.

Matthew 24:24
Jesus warns about false prophets and false Christs, emphasizing the need for vigilance and discernment.

2 Thessalonians 2:3-4
Describes the man of lawlessness, a figure opposing God, similar to the concept of the antichrist.
A Caution Against FanaticismJ. Lindsay, D. D.1 John 4:1-3
Characteristic Nature of the Influences of the Holy Spirit with Reference to Personal ReligionE. Yoking, M. A.1 John 4:1-3
Christ Made a PhantomHenry Bacon.1 John 4:1-3
Our Righteousness Exercised in Trying the SpiritsR. S. Candlish, D. D.1 John 4:1-3
Rules for Trial of the SpiritsChas. Peters, M. A.1 John 4:1-3
Testing False TeachersJ. Morgan, D. D.1 John 4:1-3
The Duty of Testing the SpiritsJ. J. Lias, M. A.1 John 4:1-3
The Object of FaithW. B. Jones, M. A.1 John 4:1-3
The Springs and Motives of False Pretences to the Holy SpiritD. Waterland, D. D.1 John 4:1-3
The Test of Truth -- Confessing ChristF. Ferguson, D. D.1 John 4:1-3
The True and False SpiritsG. G. Findlay, B. A.1 John 4:1-3
Try the SpiritsAbp. Wm. Alexander.1 John 4:1-3
The Spirit of Truth and the Spirit of ErrorR. Finlayson 1 John 4:1-6
People
John, Jude
Places
Ephesus
Topics
Acknowledge, Already, Antichrist, Anti-christ, Christ, Confess, Confesseth, Doesn't, Flesh, Power, Spirit, Whereof
Dictionary of Bible Themes
1 John 4:3

     2565   Christ, second coming
     8710   atheism
     8712   denial of Christ
     9115   antichrist, the

1 John 4:1-3

     2422   gospel, confirmation
     5441   philosophy
     7026   church, leadership
     8227   discernment, nature of
     8766   heresies

1 John 4:1-4

     4125   Satan, agents of

1 John 4:1-5

     8750   false teachings

1 John 4:1-6

     4132   demons, malevolence
     7774   prophets, false

1 John 4:2-3

     2423   gospel, essence
     3293   Holy Spirit, witness of
     8237   doctrine, false

Library
Love of God and Man
FIRST SUNDAY AFTER TRINITY. Eversley. Chester Cathedral, 1872. 1 John iv. 16, 21. "God is love; and he that dwelleth in love dwelleth in God, and God in him. . . . And this commandment have we from Him, That he who loveth God love his brother also." This is the first Sunday after Trinity. On it the Church begins to teach us morals,--that is, how to live a good life; and therefore she begins by teaching us the foundation of all morals,--which is love,--love to God and love to man. But which
Charles Kingsley—All Saints' Day and Other Sermons

First Sunday after Trinity God is Love.
Text: 1 John 4, 16-21. 16 God is love; and he that abideth in love abideth in God, and God abideth in him. 17 Herein is love made perfect with us, that we may have boldness in the day of judgment; because as he is, even so are we in this world. 18 There is no fear in love: but perfect love casteth out fear, because fear hath punishment; and he that feareth is not made perfect in love. 19 We love, because he first loved us. 20 If a man say, I love God, and hateth his brother, he is a liar: for he
Martin Luther—Epistle Sermons, Vol. III

Christ's Mission the Revelation of God's Love
'Herein is love, not that we loved God, but that He loved us, and sent His Son to be the propitiation for our sins.'--1 John iv. 10. This is the second of a pair of twin verses which deal with substantially the same subject under two slightly different aspects. The thought common to both is that Christ's mission is the great revelation of God's love. But in the preceding verse the point on which stress is laid is the manifestation of that love, and in our text the point mainly brought out is its
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture Ephesians, Peter,John

The Servant as his Lord
'... As He is, so are we in this world.'--1 John iv. 17. Large truths may be spoken in little words. Profundity is often supposed to be obscurity, but the deepest depth is clear. John, in his gospel and epistles, deals with the deepest realities, and with all things in their eternal aspects, but his vocabulary is the simplest in the New Testament. God and the world, life and death, love and hate, light and darkness, these are the favourite words round which his thoughts gather. Here are nine little
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture Ephesians, Peter,John

Love and Fear
'There is no fear in love; but perfect love casteth out fear: because fear hath torment. He that feareth is not made perfect in love.'--1 John iv. 18. John has been speaking of boldness, and that naturally suggests its opposite--fear. He has been saying that perfect love produces courage in the day of judgment, because it produces likeness to Christ, who is the Judge. In my text he explains and enlarges that statement. For there is another way in which love produces boldness, and that is by its
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture Ephesians, Peter,John

The Ray and the Reflection
'We love Him, because He first loved us.'--1 John iv. 19. Very simple words! but they go down into the depths of God, lifting burdens off the heart of humanity, turning duty into delight, and changing the aspect of all things. He who knows that God loves him needs little more for blessedness; he who loves God back again offers more than all burnt offering and sacrifices. But it is to be observed that the correct reading of my text, as you will find in the Revised Version, omits 'Him' in the first
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture Ephesians, Peter,John

May the Sixth the Perfecting of Love
"Herein is our love made perfect." --1 JOHN iv. 11-21. How? By dwelling in God and God in us. Love is not a manufacture; it is a fruit. It is not born of certain works; it springs out of certain relations. It does not come from doing something; it comes from living with Somebody. "Abide in Me." That is how love is born, for "love is of God, and God is love." How many people are striving who are not abiding. They live in a manufactory, they do not live in a home. They are trying to make something
John Henry Jowett—My Daily Meditation for the Circling Year

Love's Logic
But, dear friends, I trust after many years of instruction in the doctrines of our holy faith, I need not keep to the beaten doctrinal track, but may lead you in a parallel path, in which the same truth may be from another point. I purpose to preach an experimental sermon, and possibly this will be even more in accordance with the run of the passage and the mind of its writer, than a doctrinal discourse. We shall view the text as a fact which we have tested and proved in our own consciousness. Under
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 17: 1871

A Psalm of Remembrance
Let me add another figure to render this truth yet more apparent. Suppose an eloquent foreigner, from a sunny clime, should endeavour to make you appreciate the fruits of his nation. He depicts them to you. He describes their luscious flavour, their cooling juice, their delicious sweetness; but how powerless will be his oration, compared with your vivid remembrance, if you have yourself partaken of the dainties of his land. It is even so with the good things of God; describe them as we may, we cannot
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 5: 1859

Love
Can you imagine a being placed halfway between this world and heaven? Can you conceive of him as having such enlarged capacities that he could easily discern what was done in heaven, and what was done on earth? I can conceive that, before the Fall, if there had been such a being, he would have been struck with the singular harmony which existed between God's great world, called heaven, and the little world, the earth. Whenever the chimes of heaven rang, the great note of those massive bells was love;
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 5: 1859

Dark Times
1 JOHN iv. 16-18. We have known and believed the love that God hath to us. God is love; and he that dwelleth in love dwelleth in God, and God in him. Herein is our love made perfect, that we may have boldness in the day of judgment; because as he is, so are we in this world. There is no fear in love but perfect love casteth out fear; because fear hath torment. He that feareth is not made perfect in love. Have we learnt this lesson? Our reading, and thinking, and praying, have been in vain, unless
Charles Kingsley—The Good News of God

"And if Christ be in You, the Body is Dead Because of Sin; but the Spirit is Life Because of Righteousness. "
Rom. viii. 10.--"And if Christ be in you, the body is dead because of sin; but the Spirit is life because of righteousness." God's presence is his working. His presence in a soul by his Spirit is his working in such a soul in some special manner, not common to all men, but peculiar to them whom he hath chosen. Now his dwelling is nothing else but a continued, familiar and endless working in a soul, till he hath conformed all within to the image of his Son. The soul is the office house, or workhouse,
Hugh Binning—The Works of the Rev. Hugh Binning

"For what the Law could not Do, in that it was Weak Though the Flesh, God Sending his Own Son,"
Rom. viii. 3.--"For what the law could not do, in that it was weak though the flesh, God sending his own Son," &c. Of all the works of God towards man, certainly there is none hath so much wonder in it, as the sending of his Son to become man; and so it requires the exactest attention in us. Let us gather our spirits to consider of this mystery,--not to pry into the secrets of it curiously, as if we had no more to do but to satisfy our understandings; but rather that we may see what this concerns
Hugh Binning—The Works of the Rev. Hugh Binning

The Torment of Fear
(First Sunday after Trinity.) 1 John iv. 16, 18. And we have known and believed the love that God hath to us. God is love; and he that dwelleth in love dwelleth in God, and God in him. Herein is our love made perfect, that we may have boldness in the day of judgment: because as he is, so are we in this world. There is no fear in love; but perfect love casteth out fear: because fear hath torment. He that feareth is not made perfect in love. The text tells us how to get one of the greatest blessings;
Charles Kingsley—Town and Country Sermons

"The Fruit of the Spirit is Love"
I want to look at the fact of a life filled with the Holy Spirit more from the practical side, and to show how this life will show itself in our daily walk and conduct. Under the Old Testament you know the Holy Spirit often came upon men as a divine Spirit of revelation to reveal the mysteries of God, or for power to do the work of God. But He did not then dwell in them. Now, many just want the Old Testament gift of power for work, but know very little of the New Testament gift of the indwelling
Andrew Murray—Absolute Surrender

Scriptural Predictions of an Apostasy.
Who has not wondered, as they read of the Savior's and the apostles' warnings of "false teachers," grievous wolves, delusive powers, and deceptive lights, what it all could mean? These things certainly are not without meaning. Jesus says, "And many false prophets shall rise, and shall deceive many. And because iniquity shall abound the love of many shall wax cold. For there shall arise false Christs, and false prophets, and shall show great signs and wonders; insomuch that, if it were possible, they
Charles Ebert Orr—The Gospel Day

The Established Christian Urged to Exert Himself for Purposes of Usefulness.
1, 2. A sincere love to God will express itself not only in devotion, but in benevolence to men.--3. This is the command of God.--4. The true Christian feels his soul wrought to a holy conformity to it.--5. And therefore will desire instruction on this head.--6. Accordingly, directions are given for the improvement of various talents: particularly genius and learning.--7. Power.--8. Domestic authority.--9. Esteem.--10. Riches.--11. Several good ways of employing them hinted at.--12, 13. Prudence
Philip Doddridge—The Rise and Progress of Religion in the Soul

The Manifestation of Holy Love.
"And we have known and believed the love that God hath to us." --1 John iv. 16. The question which now presents itself is: In what way is the divine, majestic act of making man a partaker of true love accomplished? We answer that this is-- 1. Prepared by the Father in Creation. 2. Made possible by the Son in Redemption. 3. Effectually accomplished by the Holy Spirit in Sanctification. There is in this respect, first a work of the Father, which the Heidelberg Catechism designates, "Of God the Father
Abraham Kuyper—The Work of the Holy Spirit

Love in the Triune Being of God.
"God is Love."--1 John iv. 8. Between natural love even in its highest forms and Holy Love there is a wide chasm. This had to be emphasized so that our readers might not mistake the nature of Love. Many say that God is Love, but measure His Love by the love of men. They study love's being and manifestations in others and in themselves, and then think themselves competent to judge that this human love, in a more perfect form, is the Love of God. Of course they are wrong. Essential Love must be studied
Abraham Kuyper—The Work of the Holy Spirit

I May Briefly Reduce the Chief Persuading Motive to this So Needful and So Much...
I may briefly reduce the chief persuading motive to this so needful and so much desiderated grace into some three or four heads. All things within and without persuade to it, but especially the right consideration of the love of God in Christ, the wise and the impartial reflection on ourselves, the consideration of our brethren whom we are commanded to love, and the thorough inspection into the nature and use of the grace itself. In consideration of the First, a soul might argue itself into a complacency
Hugh Binning—The Works of the Rev. Hugh Binning

Dwelling in Love
"We love Him, because He first loved us."--1 John iv. 19. Mechthild of Hellfde, 1277. tr., Emma Frances Bevan, 1899 I rejoice that I cannot but love Him, Because He first loved me; I would that measureless, changeless, My love might be; A love unto death and for ever; For, soul, He died for thee. Give thanks that for thee He delighted To leave His glory on high; For thee to be humbled, forsaken, For thee to die. Wilt thou render Him love for His loving? Wilt thou die for Him who died? And so by
Frances Bevan—Hymns of Ter Steegen and Others (Second Series)

Whether Initial Fear Differs Substantially from Filial Fear
Whether Initial Fear Differs Substantially from Filial Fear We proceed to the eighth article thus: 1. It seems that initial fear differs substantially from filial fear. For filial fear is caused by love, whereas initial fear is the beginning of love, according to Ecclesiasticus 25:12: "The fear of the Lord is the beginning of love." Initial fear is therefore other than filial fear. 2. Again, initial fear fears punishment, which is the object of servile fear. Thus it seems that initial fear is the
Aquinas—Nature and Grace

Here Some one Will Say, this is Now not to Write of virginity...
52. Here some one will say, This is now not to write of virginity, but of humility. As though truly it were any kind of virginity, and not that which is after God, which we had undertaken to set forth. And this good, by how much I see it to be great, by so much I fear for it, lest it be lost, the thief pride. Therefore there is none that guardeth the virginal good, save God Himself Who gave it: and God is Charity. [2211] The Guardian therefore of virginity is Charity: but the place of this Guardian
St. Augustine—Of Holy Virginity.

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