In the Scriptures, unity among believers is often depicted as a precious and sacred quality, akin to the anointing oil used in religious ceremonies. This comparison is vividly illustrated in Psalm 133, a psalm of David, which extols the beauty and blessing of brethren dwelling together in harmony.

Psalm 133:1-2 :
"Behold, how good and how pleasant it is when brothers live together in harmony! It is like fine oil on the head, running down on the beard, running down Aaron’s beard over the collar of his robes."

Symbolism of Anointing Oil:

1. Sacredness and Consecration: Anointing oil in the Old Testament was used to consecrate priests, kings, and sacred objects, setting them apart for God's service. The oil was a symbol of the Holy Spirit's presence and empowerment. In Exodus 30:22-33, God provides Moses with a specific recipe for the holy anointing oil, emphasizing its sanctity and exclusive use for consecration. Unity among believers is similarly sacred, marking them as set apart for God's purposes.

2. Fragrance and Pervasiveness: The anointing oil was made from a blend of fragrant spices, creating a pleasing aroma that filled the space where it was used. This fragrance symbolizes the pleasantness and attractiveness of unity. Just as the aroma of the oil spreads and permeates, so does the influence of unity among God's people, drawing others to the beauty of harmonious fellowship.

3. Abundance and Overflow: The imagery of oil running down Aaron's beard and over his robes suggests abundance and overflow. Unity is not a scarce commodity but a generous blessing that flows from God to His people. It is a gift that enriches the community, bringing joy and strength to the body of Christ.

4. Priestly Blessing: Aaron, the first high priest, represents the priestly role of interceding for the people and leading them in worship. Unity among believers is a priestly act, as it reflects the intercessory and worshipful nature of the church. It is through unity that the church can effectively fulfill its mission to be a kingdom of priests, as described in 1 Peter 2:9.

New Testament Perspective:

The New Testament continues to emphasize the importance of unity, particularly within the body of Christ. In Ephesians 4:3-6 , Paul urges believers to "make every effort to keep the unity of the Spirit through the bond of peace," highlighting the oneness of the body, Spirit, hope, Lord, faith, baptism, and God. This unity is a reflection of the divine nature and a testament to the world of God's love and truth.

Practical Implications:

Unity, like anointing oil, requires intentionality and care. Believers are called to cultivate unity through love, humility, patience, and forgiveness, as outlined in Colossians 3:12-14 : "Therefore, as the elect of God, holy and beloved, clothe yourselves with hearts of compassion, kindness, humility, gentleness, and patience. Bear with one another and forgive any complaint you may have against someone else. Forgive as the Lord forgave you. And over all these virtues put on love, which is the bond of perfect unity."

In summary, the comparison of unity to anointing oil in the Bible underscores its sacredness, beauty, and essential role in the life of the church. It is a divine blessing that reflects God's character and advances His kingdom on earth.