In the Bible, holiness is a central theme that signifies the distinctiveness and purity of God, His people, and His creation. Holiness is often symbolized through various elements, rituals, and objects that convey the sacredness and set-apart nature of what is dedicated to God.

1. The Tabernacle and Temple:
The Tabernacle in the wilderness and later the Temple in Jerusalem are profound symbols of holiness. These structures were designed according to divine specifications and served as the dwelling place of God's presence among His people. The Holy of Holies, the innermost part of these sanctuaries, was where the Ark of the Covenant was kept, symbolizing God's throne on earth. Only the high priest could enter this sacred space, and only once a year on the Day of Atonement (Leviticus 16:2-34).

2. The Sabbath:
The Sabbath is a symbol of holiness in time. God sanctified the seventh day as a day of rest and worship, setting it apart from the other days of the week. In Exodus 20:8-11, the command to "Remember the Sabbath day by keeping it holy" underscores the importance of dedicating time to God, reflecting His rest after creation.

3. Sacrificial Offerings:
The sacrificial system in the Old Testament is replete with symbols of holiness. Offerings such as burnt offerings, grain offerings, and sin offerings were to be without blemish, representing purity and the need for atonement. Leviticus 1:3 states, "If his offering is a burnt offering from the herd, he is to offer an unblemished male." These sacrifices pointed to the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus Christ, the Lamb of God, who takes away the sin of the world (John 1:29).

4. Priestly Garments:
The garments worn by the priests, especially the high priest, were symbols of holiness. Exodus 28 describes the intricate design and materials used for these garments, including the ephod, breastplate, and turban. The inscription on the high priest's turban, "HOLY TO THE LORD" (Exodus 28:36), signified the consecration of the priest to God's service.

5. Anointing Oil:
Anointing oil was used to consecrate priests, kings, and sacred objects, symbolizing the Holy Spirit's presence and empowerment. Exodus 30:25-29 details the composition and use of this oil, emphasizing its sanctity and the prohibition against its common use. The anointing set individuals and items apart for God's purposes.

6. The Cross:
In the New Testament, the cross becomes the ultimate symbol of holiness through the sacrificial death of Jesus Christ. While the cross was an instrument of shame and execution, it was transformed into a symbol of redemption and holiness. Through the cross, believers are called to live holy lives, as expressed in 1 Peter 1:15-16: "But just as He who called you is holy, so be holy in all you do, for it is written: 'Be holy, because I am holy.'"

7. The Church:
The Church, as the body of Christ, is called to be holy and blameless. Ephesians 5:25-27 describes Christ's love for the Church, "to make her holy, cleansing her by the washing with water through the word, and to present her to Himself as a radiant church, without stain or wrinkle or any other blemish, but holy and blameless." The Church is a living symbol of holiness, reflecting God's character to the world.

Holiness, as symbolized in these various ways, underscores the call for believers to be set apart for God's purposes, living lives that reflect His purity and righteousness.