Self-examination before partaking in the Lord's Supper, also known as Communion, is a practice rooted in biblical instruction and tradition. It is a time for believers to reflect on their spiritual state, confess sins, and renew their commitment to Christ. This practice is primarily derived from the Apostle Paul's teachings in the New Testament.

Biblical Foundation

The primary scriptural basis for self-examination before Communion is found in 1 Corinthians 11:27-29. The Apostle Paul writes, "Therefore, whoever eats the bread or drinks the cup of the Lord in an unworthy manner will be guilty of sinning against the body and blood of the Lord. Each one must examine himself before he eats of the bread and drinks of the cup. For anyone who eats and drinks without recognizing the body eats and drinks judgment on himself" . This passage underscores the seriousness of approaching the Lord's Table with reverence and introspection.

Purpose of Self-Examination

The purpose of self-examination is multifaceted. It serves as a means for believers to:

1. Acknowledge Sin: Recognizing personal sin is crucial. Psalm 139:23-24 states, "Search me, O God, and know my heart; test me and know my concerns. See if there is any offensive way in me, and lead me in the way everlasting." This prayerful attitude invites God to reveal hidden sins and areas needing repentance.

2. Seek Forgiveness: Confession and repentance are integral to self-examination. 1 John 1:9 assures believers, "If we confess our sins, He is faithful and just to forgive us our sins and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness." This promise encourages believers to approach God with humility and sincerity.

3. Renew Commitment: Communion is a time to reaffirm one's faith and commitment to Christ. Romans 12:1 exhorts believers, "Therefore I urge you, brothers, on account of God’s mercy, to offer your bodies as living sacrifices, holy and pleasing to God, which is your spiritual service of worship." This renewal is an act of worship and dedication.

Practical Aspects

Self-examination involves both personal reflection and prayer. Believers are encouraged to set aside time before Communion to engage in these practices. This may include reading Scripture, meditating on Christ's sacrifice, and praying for guidance and strength to live a life that honors God.

Communal Implications

While self-examination is a personal endeavor, it also has communal implications. The unity of the body of Christ is emphasized in 1 Corinthians 10:16-17 : "Is not the cup of blessing that we bless a participation in the blood of Christ? And is not the bread that we break a participation in the body of Christ? Because there is one loaf, we who are many are one body; for we all partake of the one loaf." This unity calls for reconciliation and peace among believers, fostering a spirit of love and harmony within the church.

Warnings and Encouragements

Paul's warning in 1 Corinthians 11:30-32 about the consequences of partaking unworthily serves as a sobering reminder: "That is why many among you are weak and sick, and a number of you have fallen asleep. But if we judged ourselves properly, we would not come under judgment. When we are judged by the Lord, we are being disciplined so that we will not be condemned with the world." This passage highlights the importance of self-examination as a means of avoiding divine discipline and encourages believers to approach Communion with a heart prepared and purified.

In summary, self-examination before Communion is a biblically mandated practice that calls believers to introspection, repentance, and renewal. It is a vital aspect of Christian worship, ensuring that the Lord's Supper is observed with the reverence and solemnity it deserves.