Saul, the first king of Israel, is a complex figure whose relationship with God is marked by moments of obedience and disobedience. One of the significant aspects of Saul's reign is his inquiry of God, which is documented in several instances throughout the biblical narrative. These inquiries reveal much about Saul's character, his relationship with God, and the spiritual state of Israel during his reign.

1. Early Inquiries and Obedience:

Initially, Saul's inquiries of God are characterized by obedience and reliance on divine guidance. After being anointed by the prophet Samuel, Saul seeks God's direction in his early military campaigns. In 1 Samuel 11, Saul leads Israel to victory against the Ammonites, demonstrating his initial willingness to follow God's guidance through the prophet Samuel.

2. Disobedience and Rejection:

However, Saul's inquiries of God soon become tainted by disobedience. In 1 Samuel 13, Saul faces the Philistines at Gilgal and, in a moment of impatience, offers a burnt offering himself instead of waiting for Samuel. This act of disobedience leads to Samuel's rebuke: "You have acted foolishly," Samuel said. "You have not kept the command that the LORD your God gave you; if you had, He would have established your kingdom over Israel for all time" (1 Samuel 13:13).

Saul's failure to fully obey God's command is further highlighted in 1 Samuel 15, where he spares King Agag and the best of the Amalekite livestock, contrary to God's explicit instructions. Samuel confronts Saul, declaring, "Because you have rejected the word of the LORD, He has rejected you as king" (1 Samuel 15:23).

3. Desperation and the Witch of Endor:

As Saul's reign progresses, his inquiries of God become increasingly desperate. In 1 Samuel 28, facing the Philistine army, Saul seeks God's guidance but receives no answer through dreams, the Urim, or prophets. In desperation, Saul turns to a medium at Endor, seeking to summon the spirit of Samuel. This act of necromancy is a grave violation of God's law, reflecting Saul's spiritual decline and desperation. The spirit of Samuel foretells Saul's impending defeat and death, saying, "Tomorrow you and your sons will be with me" (1 Samuel 28:19).

4. Theological Implications:

Saul's inquiries of God highlight several theological themes. Firstly, they underscore the importance of obedience to God's commands. Saul's initial successes are tied to his obedience, while his failures and ultimate rejection as king are linked to his disobedience. Secondly, Saul's account illustrates the consequences of seeking guidance outside of God's ordained means. His turn to the medium at Endor represents a departure from faith and trust in God, leading to his downfall.

5. Saul's Legacy:

Saul's inquiries of God serve as a cautionary tale about the dangers of disobedience and the importance of seeking God with a sincere and obedient heart. His life and reign are a reminder of the need for humility, patience, and faithfulness in seeking divine guidance. Saul's tragic end, as foretold by the spirit of Samuel, marks the transition to David's kingship, a man after God's own heart, who would seek the Lord with integrity and devotion.