Sacred furnishings in the Bible refer to the various items and objects that were used in the worship and service of God, particularly in the Tabernacle and the Temple. These furnishings were not merely functional but held deep symbolic and theological significance, reflecting the holiness and majesty of God. They were crafted according to divine instructions and were integral to the worship practices of the Israelites.

The Tabernacle Furnishings

The Tabernacle, a portable sanctuary used by the Israelites during their wilderness wanderings, contained several key furnishings:

1. The Ark of the Covenant: The most sacred item, the Ark was a gold-covered wooden chest that housed the tablets of the Ten Commandments. It symbolized God's presence and covenant with Israel. "There I will meet with you and speak with you from above the mercy seat, from between the two cherubim that are on the ark of the Testimony" (Exodus 25:22).

2. The Table of Showbread: This table held the Bread of the Presence, which was a continual offering before the Lord. It signified God's provision and fellowship with His people. "And you are to set the Bread of the Presence on the table before Me at all times" (Exodus 25:30).

3. The Golden Lampstand (Menorah): Crafted from a single piece of gold, the lampstand provided light in the Holy Place. It represented the light of God and His guidance. "Then you are to make a lampstand of pure gold... Its lamps are to be set up so that they illuminate the area in front of it" (Exodus 25:31, 37).

4. The Altar of Incense: Positioned before the veil separating the Holy Place from the Most Holy Place, this altar was used for burning incense, symbolizing the prayers of the people ascending to God. "Aaron must burn fragrant incense on it every morning when he tends the lamps" (Exodus 30:7).

5. The Bronze Altar: Located in the courtyard, this altar was used for burnt offerings and sacrifices, central to the atonement rituals. "You are to make an altar of acacia wood... You are to make it hollow, out of boards" (Exodus 27:1, 8).

6. The Bronze Basin: Used by the priests for ceremonial washing, it emphasized the need for purity and cleansing before approaching God. "You are to make a bronze basin for washing, with a bronze stand" (Exodus 30:18).

The Temple Furnishings

Solomon's Temple, a more permanent structure, included similar furnishings with additional grandeur:

1. The Ark of the Covenant: Continued to be the central focus, housed in the Most Holy Place.

2. The Table for the Bread of the Presence: Multiple tables were used, indicating an expansion of the Tabernacle's single table.

3. The Golden Lampstands: Ten lampstands were made, enhancing the light and splendor of the Temple.

4. The Altar of Incense: Larger and more ornate, it continued to serve the same purpose as in the Tabernacle.

5. The Bronze Altar: Also known as the Altar of Burnt Offering, it was significantly larger to accommodate the increased number of sacrifices.

6. The Sea and the Lavers: The "Sea" was a large basin for the priests' washing, supported by twelve oxen statues, symbolizing the tribes of Israel.

Symbolism and Significance

The sacred furnishings were not only practical but also rich in symbolism. They pointed to the holiness of God, the need for atonement, and the promise of divine presence. Each item was meticulously crafted according to God's specifications, underscoring the importance of obedience and reverence in worship. The furnishings also foreshadowed the coming of Christ, who fulfilled the law and the prophets, becoming the ultimate High Priest and the perfect sacrifice for sin.