The return of the Ark of the Covenant to Kiriath-jearim is a significant event in the history of Israel, marking a pivotal moment in the narrative of the Ark's journey and the spiritual life of the nation. This event is recorded in 1 Samuel 6:1-7:2, following the Ark's capture by the Philistines and its subsequent return to Israelite territory.

Background and Context

The Ark of the Covenant, a sacred chest built by the Israelites under the guidance of Moses, symbolized the presence of God among His people. It contained the stone tablets of the Ten Commandments, Aaron's rod, and a pot of manna. During a battle with the Philistines, the Israelites brought the Ark from Shiloh, hoping it would ensure victory. However, due to Israel's disobedience and presumption, the Philistines captured the Ark (1 Samuel 4:10-11).

The Philistines placed the Ark in the temple of their god Dagon in Ashdod, but it brought calamity upon them, including the destruction of their idol and a plague of tumors (1 Samuel 5:1-12). Recognizing the power of the God of Israel, the Philistines decided to return the Ark to avoid further disaster.

The Return of the Ark

The Philistines devised a plan to return the Ark to Israel, placing it on a new cart drawn by two cows that had never been yoked, along with a guilt offering of golden tumors and rats (1 Samuel 6:7-9). The cows, guided by divine providence, headed straight for the Israelite town of Beth-shemesh, confirming to the Philistines that the plagues were indeed acts of the God of Israel (1 Samuel 6:12).

Upon its arrival in Beth-shemesh, the Israelites rejoiced, offering sacrifices to the Lord. However, some men of Beth-shemesh looked into the Ark, violating its sanctity, and were struck down by God (1 Samuel 6:19). This tragic event instilled a renewed reverence for the holiness of God and the Ark.

Transfer to Kiriath-jearim

Fearing further judgment, the people of Beth-shemesh sent messengers to the inhabitants of Kiriath-jearim, asking them to take the Ark. The men of Kiriath-jearim came and took the Ark to the house of Abinadab on the hill, consecrating his son Eleazar to guard it (1 Samuel 7:1). The Ark remained there for twenty years, during which time the Israelites lamented after the Lord, leading to a period of spiritual renewal under the leadership of Samuel (1 Samuel 7:2).

Significance

The return of the Ark to Kiriath-jearim underscores several key themes in the biblical narrative. It highlights the holiness and power of God, demonstrating that His presence cannot be manipulated or taken lightly. The event also serves as a reminder of the importance of obedience and reverence in worship. Furthermore, the Ark's return set the stage for a national revival, as the Israelites turned back to God under Samuel's guidance, preparing the way for the establishment of the monarchy under Saul and David.

The Ark's sojourn in Kiriath-jearim also foreshadows its eventual transfer to Jerusalem by King David, where it would become central to Israel's worship and national identity. This event, therefore, is a crucial link in the chain of God's redemptive history, illustrating His faithfulness to His covenant people despite their failures.