Introduction

The topic of public versus private giving is a significant theme in the Bible, addressing the motivations and attitudes behind acts of charity and generosity. The Scriptures provide guidance on how believers should approach giving, emphasizing the importance of the heart's intent over the visibility of the act.

Biblical Principles of Giving

1. The Heart of the Giver: The Bible consistently underscores that the motivation behind giving is of utmost importance. In 2 Corinthians 9:7 , it is written, "Each one should give what he has decided in his heart to give, not out of regret or compulsion. For God loves a cheerful giver." This verse highlights that giving should be a voluntary and joyful act, stemming from a sincere heart rather than external pressure or a desire for recognition.

2. Private Giving: Jesus explicitly teaches about the value of private giving in the Sermon on the Mount. In Matthew 6:1-4 , He warns, "Be careful not to perform your righteous acts before men to be seen by them. If you do, you will have no reward from your Father in heaven. So when you give to the needy, do not sound a trumpet before you, as the hypocrites do in the synagogues and on the streets, to be honored by men. Truly I tell you, they already have their reward. But when you give to the needy, do not let your left hand know what your right hand is doing, so that your giving may be in secret. And your Father, who sees what is done in secret, will reward you." This passage emphasizes that private giving, done without seeking human praise, is honored by God.

3. Public Giving: While private giving is encouraged, there are instances in the Bible where public giving is acknowledged. In Acts 4:34-37 , the early church is described as having "no needy ones among them," as believers sold their possessions and laid the proceeds at the apostles' feet. This communal act of giving was public and served to meet the needs of the community. However, the focus remained on the welfare of others rather than personal acclaim.

4. Warnings Against Hypocrisy: The Bible warns against giving with the intent of gaining human approval. In Matthew 23:5 , Jesus criticizes the Pharisees, saying, "All their deeds are done for men to see." This serves as a caution against performing acts of charity for the sake of public recognition, which can lead to spiritual pride and hypocrisy.

5. Examples of Generosity: The Scriptures provide numerous examples of both public and private acts of generosity. The widow's offering in Mark 12:41-44 is a poignant example of private giving, where Jesus commends a poor widow for contributing two small coins, saying, "Truly I tell you, this poor widow has put more into the treasury than all the others." Her act, though small and unnoticed by others, was significant in the eyes of God due to her sacrificial spirit.

Conclusion

The Bible presents a balanced view of public and private giving, emphasizing the importance of the giver's heart and intent. While acts of charity may be performed publicly or privately, the focus should remain on glorifying God and serving others, rather than seeking personal recognition or praise.