In biblical narratives, the term "passersby" refers to individuals who happen to be present or passing through a particular location during significant events. These individuals often serve as witnesses to key moments in the biblical account, providing an external perspective on the events unfolding. The presence of passersby in Scripture underscores the public nature of many biblical events and highlights the broader societal impact of God's actions and teachings.

Old Testament References

In the Old Testament, passersby are often mentioned in the context of judgment and destruction. For example, in the account of the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah, the cities' desolation serves as a warning to passersby. Genesis 19:28-29 describes how Abraham looked down toward Sodom and Gomorrah and saw the smoke rising from the land, indicating the complete overthrow of the cities. This imagery suggests that any passersby would have witnessed the aftermath of God's judgment.

Similarly, in Lamentations 1:12, Jerusalem, personified as a woman, calls out to passersby to observe her suffering: "Is it nothing to you, all you who pass by? Look and see if there is any pain like my pain, which was inflicted on me, which the LORD brought on me in the day of His fierce anger." Here, the passersby are invited to witness the consequences of the city's sin and the resulting divine punishment.

New Testament References

In the New Testament, passersby play a role in the crucifixion narrative. As Jesus was crucified, those who passed by mocked Him, fulfilling the prophecy of Psalm 22:7. Matthew 27:39-40 records, "And those who passed by heaped abuse on Him, shaking their heads and saying, 'You who are going to destroy the temple and rebuild it in three days, save Yourself! If You are the Son of God, come down from the cross!'" The reactions of the passersby highlight the public humiliation Jesus endured and the widespread misunderstanding of His mission.

Additionally, in the parable of the Good Samaritan (Luke 10:25-37), passersby are depicted in a moral context. The priest and the Levite, who pass by the injured man without offering help, contrast with the Samaritan, who stops to provide aid. This parable emphasizes the importance of compassion and mercy, challenging societal norms and prejudices.

Theological Implications

The presence of passersby in biblical narratives serves as a reminder of the communal and public dimensions of God's work in the world. Their reactions, whether of indifference, mockery, or compassion, reflect the varied human responses to divine intervention and moral obligation. Passersby in Scripture often serve as a mirror to the reader, prompting reflection on one's own response to God's actions and commands.

In summary, passersby in the Bible are more than mere background figures; they are integral to the narrative, providing insight into human nature and the societal impact of God's dealings with His people. Their presence in key biblical events invites readers to consider their own role as witnesses to God's ongoing work in the world.