Moses, a central figure in the Old Testament, is renowned for his leadership in the Exodus of the Israelites from Egypt and his role as a prophet and lawgiver. His explanation of his role is primarily found in the Pentateuch, particularly in the books of Exodus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy. Moses' life and mission are pivotal in understanding the covenant relationship between God and His chosen people, Israel.

Divine Calling and Commission

Moses' role begins with his divine calling at the burning bush, as recorded in Exodus 3. God reveals Himself to Moses and commissions him to lead the Israelites out of Egyptian bondage. In Exodus 3:10 , God commands, "So now, go. I am sending you to Pharaoh to bring My people the Israelites out of Egypt." This divine encounter establishes Moses as God's chosen instrument for delivering His people.

Mediator of the Covenant

Moses serves as the mediator of the covenant between God and Israel. At Mount Sinai, he receives the Ten Commandments and the Law, which form the foundation of Israelite society and religious practice. In Exodus 19:3-6 , God instructs Moses to convey His words to the people, emphasizing their identity as a "kingdom of priests and a holy nation." Moses' role as mediator is further highlighted in Deuteronomy 5:5 , where he states, "At that time I stood between the LORD and you to declare to you the word of the LORD, because you were afraid of the fire and did not go up the mountain."

Intercessor for the People

Moses frequently acts as an intercessor for the Israelites, pleading with God on their behalf. His intercessory role is evident in instances such as the golden calf incident (Exodus 32) and the rebellion at Kadesh (Numbers 14). In Exodus 32:11-14 , Moses implores God to relent from His anger and spare the people, demonstrating his deep commitment to their welfare and his understanding of God's character.

Leader and Judge

As a leader, Moses is responsible for guiding the Israelites through the wilderness and addressing their grievances. He establishes a system of judges to assist in managing the people's disputes, as advised by his father-in-law Jethro in Exodus 18. This delegation of authority underscores Moses' role in maintaining order and justice among the Israelites.

Prophet and Teacher

Moses is also recognized as a prophet, through whom God communicates His will. In Deuteronomy 18:15 , Moses prophesies the coming of a future prophet like himself, saying, "The LORD your God will raise up for you a prophet like me from among your brothers. You must listen to him." This prophetic role is integral to Moses' mission, as he continually instructs the people in God's laws and commands.

Legacy and Succession

Moses' explanation of his role includes preparing the Israelites for his departure and the transition of leadership to Joshua. In Deuteronomy 31, Moses charges Joshua with leading the people into the Promised Land, ensuring the continuity of God's plan. Deuteronomy 34:10-12 reflects on Moses' unparalleled relationship with God and his mighty deeds, affirming his unique position in Israel's history.

Moses' explanation of his role is multifaceted, encompassing leadership, mediation, intercession, and prophecy. His life and mission are foundational to the narrative of the Israelites and their covenant relationship with God, as recorded in the Scriptures.