Jacob's journey to Egypt marks a pivotal moment in the biblical narrative, as it sets the stage for the Israelites' eventual enslavement and subsequent exodus. This event is primarily recorded in the Book of Genesis, chapters 45 and 46, and is a significant turning point in the history of the patriarchs.

Background

The journey begins in the context of a severe famine that had spread across the land, affecting Canaan where Jacob and his family resided. Joseph, Jacob's son, who had been sold into slavery by his brothers, had risen to a position of power in Egypt, second only to Pharaoh. Through divine providence, Joseph had interpreted Pharaoh's dreams, predicting seven years of abundance followed by seven years of famine, and had been appointed to oversee the storage of grain during the years of plenty.

Revelation and Invitation

In Genesis 45, Joseph reveals his identity to his brothers, who had come to Egypt to buy grain. Overcome with emotion, Joseph reassures them, saying, "And now, do not be distressed or angry with yourselves that you sold me into this place, because it was to save lives that God sent me before you" (Genesis 45:5). Joseph instructs his brothers to return to Canaan and bring their father, Jacob, and their families to Egypt, where he promises to provide for them during the remaining years of famine.

Divine Assurance

Upon hearing the news that Joseph is alive and ruling in Egypt, Jacob is initially stunned but then filled with joy. In Genesis 46, God speaks to Jacob in a vision at Beersheba, offering divine assurance for the journey ahead: "I am God, the God of your father," He says. "Do not be afraid to go down to Egypt, for I will make you into a great nation there" (Genesis 46:3). This promise echoes the covenant God made with Abraham, ensuring the continuation of His plan for the descendants of Israel.

The Journey

Jacob, also known as Israel, sets out for Egypt with his entire family, numbering seventy persons in total. The journey is a significant undertaking, involving the transport of people, livestock, and possessions. The narrative emphasizes the unity and preservation of the family, as well as the fulfillment of God's promises.

Reunion with Joseph

Upon arrival in Egypt, Jacob is reunited with Joseph in a deeply emotional encounter. Genesis 46:29 describes the moment: "Joseph prepared his chariot and went to Goshen to meet his father Israel. As soon as he appeared before him, he threw his arms around his father and wept for a long time" . This reunion signifies the restoration of familial bonds and the providential care of God in the lives of the patriarchs.

Settlement in Goshen

Pharaoh, upon learning of Joseph's family's arrival, offers them the land of Goshen, a fertile area suitable for their livestock. This settlement not only provides for their immediate needs but also positions the Israelites in a place where they can grow and multiply, setting the stage for the fulfillment of God's promise to make them a great nation.

Jacob's journey to Egypt is a testament to God's faithfulness and sovereignty, as He orchestrates events to preserve His chosen people and advance His redemptive plan.