The intercession of Moses and Aaron is a significant theme in the Old Testament, highlighting their roles as mediators between God and the Israelites. This intercession is a demonstration of their leadership, compassion, and dedication to the people of Israel, as well as their deep relationship with God.

Moses' Intercession

Moses is frequently depicted as an intercessor for the Israelites, particularly during times of rebellion and divine judgment. One of the most notable instances occurs after the Israelites create the golden calf while Moses is on Mount Sinai receiving the Law. God's anger is kindled against the people, and He declares His intention to destroy them. Moses, however, pleads with God on their behalf, appealing to His promises to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and His reputation among the nations. In Exodus 32:11-14 , Moses implores, "But Moses sought the favor of the LORD his God, saying, 'O LORD, why does Your anger burn against Your people, whom You brought out of the land of Egypt with great power and a mighty hand?'" As a result of Moses' intercession, the LORD relents from the disaster He had threatened.

Another significant moment of intercession occurs in Numbers 14, when the Israelites refuse to enter the Promised Land due to fear of its inhabitants. God threatens to strike them with a plague and disinherit them, but Moses again intercedes, emphasizing God's mercy and His covenant promises. In Numbers 14:19-20 , Moses prays, "Pardon, I pray, the iniquity of this people according to the greatness of Your loving devotion, just as You have forgiven them from Egypt until now." The LORD responds, "I have pardoned them as you requested."

Aaron's Intercession

Aaron, as the high priest, also plays a crucial role in intercession, particularly in his capacity to offer sacrifices and prayers on behalf of the people. One notable instance is found in Numbers 16, during the rebellion of Korah. After the earth swallows up the rebels, the congregation grumbles against Moses and Aaron, and a plague begins among the people. Moses instructs Aaron to take his censer, put incense in it, and make atonement for the people. Numbers 16:47-48 records, "So Aaron did as Moses directed and ran into the midst of the assembly. The plague had already started among the people, but Aaron offered the incense and made atonement for them. He stood between the living and the dead, and the plague was halted."

Theological Significance

The intercessory roles of Moses and Aaron underscore the importance of mediation in the relationship between God and humanity. Their actions prefigure the ultimate intercessor, Jesus Christ, who stands as the mediator of the New Covenant. Hebrews 7:25 speaks of Christ's intercessory role: "Therefore He is able to save completely those who draw near to God through Him, since He always lives to intercede for them."

Moses and Aaron's intercessions reveal God's willingness to listen to His chosen leaders and His readiness to extend mercy in response to genuine repentance and prayer. These narratives emphasize the power of prayer and the importance of faithful leadership in guiding and protecting God's people.