In the biblical context, the concept of freedom for Hebrew slaves is deeply rooted in the laws and narratives of the Old Testament, reflecting God's concern for justice, mercy, and the dignity of every individual. The regulations concerning Hebrew slaves are primarily found in the books of Exodus, Leviticus, and Deuteronomy, which provide a framework for understanding the treatment and eventual liberation of slaves within the Israelite community.

Exodus 21:1-11 outlines the laws regarding Hebrew slaves, emphasizing a limited period of servitude. According to Exodus 21:2 , "If you buy a Hebrew servant, he is to serve you for six years, but in the seventh year he shall go free, without paying anything." This regulation underscores the principle of the sabbatical year, a time of release and renewal, reflecting God's desire for freedom and rest for His people.

The passage further details the conditions under which a slave might choose to remain with his master, particularly if he has married and started a family during his period of servitude. Exodus 21:5-6 states, "But if the servant declares, ‘I love my master and my wife and children; I do not want to go free,’ then his master must take him before the judges. He shall take him to the door or doorpost and pierce his ear with an awl. Then he will be his servant for life." This provision highlights the voluntary nature of continued servitude based on personal relationships and loyalty.

Leviticus 25:39-55 expands on the theme of freedom, particularly in the context of the Year of Jubilee. Leviticus 25:40-41 instructs, "He shall stay with you as a hired worker or temporary resident; he is to work for you until the Year of Jubilee. Then he and his children are to be released, and he may return to his clan and to the property of his forefathers." The Year of Jubilee, occurring every fifty years, was a time of liberation and restoration, ensuring that no Israelite would remain in perpetual bondage.

The laws in Deuteronomy 15:12-18 reiterate the release of Hebrew slaves in the seventh year, adding a dimension of generosity. Deuteronomy 15:13-14 commands, "And when you release him, do not send him away empty-handed. You are to furnish him liberally from your flock, your threshing floor, and your winepress. You shall give to him as the LORD your God has blessed you." This provision reflects the spirit of compassion and the recognition of the slave's contribution to the household.

The biblical mandate for the release of Hebrew slaves is not merely a legal requirement but a reflection of God's character and His covenant relationship with Israel. It serves as a reminder of Israel's own deliverance from slavery in Egypt, as stated in Deuteronomy 15:15 : "Remember that you were slaves in the land of Egypt, and the LORD your God redeemed you; that is why I am giving you this command today."

Throughout these passages, the Bible emphasizes the importance of treating slaves with dignity and respect, recognizing their humanity and inherent worth. The laws concerning the freedom of Hebrew slaves illustrate a broader biblical principle of justice and mercy, calling God's people to reflect His character in their relationships and societal structures.