The event of coronation in the biblical context refers to the ceremonial act of crowning a king, which signifies the divine appointment and public recognition of a ruler over Israel or Judah. This event is deeply rooted in the theocratic understanding of kingship, where the king is seen as God's chosen leader for His people. The coronation is not merely a political or social event but a religious one, often accompanied by rituals, anointing, and public acclamation.

Biblical Examples:

1. Saul's Coronation:
Saul was the first king of Israel, anointed by the prophet Samuel. The coronation of Saul is described in 1 Samuel 10. After anointing Saul, Samuel said, "Has not the LORD anointed you ruler over His inheritance?" (1 Samuel 10:1). Saul's kingship was later confirmed publicly at Mizpah, where Samuel presented him to the people, and they shouted, "Long live the king!" (1 Samuel 10:24).

2. David's Coronation:
David's anointing and coronation are significant events in the biblical narrative. Initially anointed by Samuel in Bethlehem (1 Samuel 16:13), David's kingship was later recognized by the tribe of Judah at Hebron (2 Samuel 2:4) and subsequently by all Israel (2 Samuel 5:3). The elders of Israel came to David at Hebron, and he made a covenant with them before the LORD, and they anointed him king over Israel.

3. Solomon's Coronation:
Solomon's coronation was marked by a swift and decisive action to secure his succession to the throne. As David's chosen successor, Solomon was anointed by Zadok the priest and Nathan the prophet at Gihon. "Zadok the priest took the horn of oil from the tabernacle and anointed Solomon. Then they blew the trumpet, and all the people shouted, 'Long live King Solomon!'" (1 Kings 1:39). This event underscored the divine approval and public acceptance of Solomon's rule.

4. Joash's Coronation:
The coronation of Joash, a young king of Judah, is a dramatic account of restoration and covenant renewal. Hidden in the temple for six years, Joash was brought out by Jehoiada the priest, crowned, and given the testimony. "They put the crown on him, gave him the testimony, and proclaimed him king. They anointed him, and the people clapped their hands and shouted, 'Long live the king!'" (2 Kings 11:12).

Theological Significance:

The coronation of kings in the Bible is a profound event that highlights the intersection of divine sovereignty and human leadership. The anointing with oil symbolizes the Holy Spirit's empowerment and God's selection of the king. The public acclamation and covenant-making emphasize the king's role as a servant leader under God's authority, responsible for upholding justice, righteousness, and the covenantal laws.

Messianic Foreshadowing:

The coronation events in the Old Testament also serve as a foreshadowing of the ultimate King, Jesus Christ, who is referred to as the "King of kings and Lord of lords" (Revelation 19:16). His kingship is not of this world but is established through His death, resurrection, and ascension, fulfilling the promises of a Davidic ruler who reigns eternally.

In summary, the event of coronation in the Bible is a multifaceted ceremony that underscores God's providential role in establishing leadership, the importance of covenant fidelity, and the anticipation of the coming Messiah, who embodies the perfect and eternal kingship.