In the context of biblical theology, the concept of "earthly copies" refers to the tangible, physical representations or shadows of heavenly realities. This idea is primarily drawn from the New Testament, particularly the Book of Hebrews, which elucidates the relationship between the Old Covenant practices and the New Covenant realities.

Biblical Foundation

The notion of earthly copies is most explicitly discussed in Hebrews 8:5, where it is written, "They serve at a sanctuary that is a copy and shadow of what is in heaven. This is why Moses was warned when he was about to build the tabernacle: 'See to it that you make everything according to the pattern shown you on the mountain.'" . Here, the earthly tabernacle and its rituals are described as a shadow or copy of the true heavenly sanctuary.

Similarly, Hebrews 9:23-24 states, "So it was necessary for the copies of the heavenly things to be purified with these sacrifices, but the heavenly things themselves with better sacrifices than these. For Christ did not enter a man-made copy of the true sanctuary, but He entered heaven itself, now to appear on our behalf in the presence of God." . This passage contrasts the earthly tabernacle with the heavenly one, emphasizing the superiority of Christ's sacrifice.

Old Testament Prefigurations

The Old Testament is replete with types and shadows that serve as earthly copies of greater spiritual truths. The tabernacle, as mentioned, is a primary example. Constructed according to divine specifications given to Moses (Exodus 25:9), it was a physical structure that symbolized God's dwelling among His people. The sacrifices and priestly duties performed within it pointed forward to the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus Christ and His eternal priesthood.

The sacrificial system itself, with its detailed regulations and offerings, served as an earthly copy of the ultimate atonement that would be accomplished through Christ. The blood of bulls and goats, as described in Hebrews 10:4, could not take away sins but pointed to the necessity of a perfect sacrifice.

Theological Implications

The concept of earthly copies underscores the continuity and fulfillment of God's redemptive plan. It highlights the temporary and preparatory nature of the Old Covenant, which was designed to lead God's people to the New Covenant established through Jesus Christ. The earthly copies were not ends in themselves but were intended to direct the faithful toward the ultimate reality found in Christ.

This understanding also affirms the transcendence and immanence of God. While God is transcendent, existing beyond the physical realm, He chose to reveal Himself through tangible means that His people could understand and relate to. The earthly copies served as a bridge between the divine and human, preparing the way for the incarnation of Christ, who is the true image of the invisible God (Colossians 1:15).

Practical Application

For believers, the concept of earthly copies serves as a reminder of the importance of looking beyond the physical and temporal to the spiritual and eternal. It encourages a focus on the heavenly realities that are now accessible through faith in Christ. As the Apostle Paul writes in Colossians 3:1-2, "Therefore, since you have been raised with Christ, strive for the things above, where Christ is seated at the right hand of God. Set your minds on things above, not on earthly things." .

In worship and daily life, Christians are called to recognize the fulfillment of the shadows in Christ and to live in the light of His completed work. The earthly copies, while significant in their time, have given way to the greater reality of the New Covenant, inviting believers to experience the fullness of God's presence and promises.