Ruth 1:5

both Mahlon and Chilion also died, and Naomi was left without her two sons and without her husband.

Study Bible

both Mahlon and Chilion also died
The names "Mahlon" and "Chilion" are significant in understanding the narrative. In Hebrew, "Mahlon" can mean "sickness" and "Chilion" can mean "wasting" or "pining." These names may foreshadow their untimely deaths, suggesting a divine orchestration or a reflection of the dire circumstances in Moab. Historically, the deaths of these two sons emphasize the complete loss and vulnerability of Naomi, a widow in a foreign land, which sets the stage for the redemptive account that follows. This phrase underscores the theme of suffering and loss that is prevalent in the Book of Ruth, reminding us of the transient nature of life and the sovereignty of God over human affairs.

and Naomi was left
The Hebrew root for "left" is "sha'ar," which conveys the idea of being left behind or remaining. Naomi's situation is one of profound isolation and desolation. In the ancient Near Eastern context, a woman's security and social standing were closely tied to her male relatives. Naomi's being "left" without her sons and husband highlights her vulnerability and the precariousness of her situation. This phrase sets the emotional tone for Naomi's return to Bethlehem and her eventual transformation from bitterness to joy, illustrating God's providential care and the hope of restoration.

without her two sons and without her husband
The repetition of "without" emphasizes the totality of Naomi's loss. In the patriarchal society of ancient Israel, a woman's identity and protection were largely derived from her male family members. The absence of her "two sons" and "husband" signifies not only personal grief but also social and economic destitution. This dire circumstance is a catalyst for the unfolding narrative, where God's redemptive plan begins to take shape through Ruth's loyalty and Boaz's kindness. Theologically, this phrase invites reflection on the themes of faith, resilience, and divine provision, encouraging believers to trust in God's faithfulness even in the midst of profound loss.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Naomi
A central figure in the Book of Ruth, Naomi is a widow who loses her two sons, Mahlon and Chilion, in the land of Moab. Her account is one of loss, faith, and redemption.

2. Mahlon and Chilion
The sons of Naomi and Elimelech. Their deaths leave Naomi bereft of her immediate family, setting the stage for the account of Ruth's loyalty and the eventual redemption of Naomi's family line.

3. Moab
A region east of the Dead Sea, where Naomi and her family had moved to escape famine in Bethlehem. Moabites were often seen as outsiders by the Israelites, adding a layer of cultural tension to the account.

4. Elimelech
Naomi's husband, whose death precedes that of his sons. His decision to move to Moab initiates the events that unfold in the Book of Ruth.

5. Bethlehem
The original home of Naomi and her family, and the eventual destination to which Naomi returns. Bethlehem is significant as the birthplace of King David and, later, Jesus Christ.

Teaching Points

The Reality of Loss
Naomi's experience reminds us that loss is a part of life. As believers, we are called to trust in God's sovereignty even when we face profound grief.

Faith in Adversity
Naomi's account encourages us to maintain faith during difficult times. Her eventual return to Bethlehem signifies a return to God's promises and provision.

Community and Support
The account highlights the importance of community. Naomi's relationship with Ruth demonstrates the strength found in supportive relationships during times of hardship.

God's Redemption Plan
Despite the immediate tragedy, Naomi's account is part of a larger redemption account, culminating in the lineage of David and ultimately Jesus Christ. This teaches us that God can bring good out of our suffering.

Cultural Barriers and God's Grace
Ruth's Moabite identity and her acceptance into the Israelite community illustrate God's grace transcending cultural and ethnic boundaries.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Naomi's experience of loss in Ruth 1:5 challenge or affirm your understanding of God's presence in times of suffering?

2. In what ways can the account of Naomi and Ruth inspire us to support those in our community who are experiencing loss?

3. How does the cultural context of Moab and Israel enhance our understanding of Ruth's loyalty to Naomi?

4. Reflect on a time when you faced a significant loss. How did your faith influence your response, and what can you learn from Naomi's journey?

5. How does the theme of redemption in the Book of Ruth connect to the broader account of redemption found in the Bible, particularly in the life and work of Jesus Christ?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Job's Suffering
Like Naomi, Job experiences profound loss, including the death of his children. Both accounts explore themes of faith and perseverance amidst suffering.

Genesis 12:10
The account of Abram going to Egypt during a famine parallels Elimelech's decision to move to Moab, highlighting themes of trust and reliance on God's provision.

Deuteronomy 23:3-6
The Moabites' historical enmity with Israel provides context for the cultural and religious tensions in Ruth's account, emphasizing the radical nature of Ruth's inclusion in the Israelite community.