Numbers 31:11

and carried away all the plunder and spoils, both people and animals.

Study Bible

and carried away
The phrase "and carried away" in the context of Numbers 31:11 refers to the act of taking possession of goods and captives after a military victory. The Hebrew root for "carried away" is "laqach," which means to take, seize, or capture. This action signifies the complete victory of the Israelites over the Midianites, as commanded by God. Historically, the act of carrying away plunder was common in ancient warfare, symbolizing not only victory but also the transfer of wealth and resources. Spiritually, this can be seen as a reminder of God's provision and the fulfillment of His promises to His people.

all the plunder
The term "all the plunder" refers to the goods and valuables taken from the defeated Midianites. The Hebrew word for "plunder" is "shalal," which encompasses spoils of war, including precious metals, clothing, livestock, and other valuables. In the biblical context, plunder was often seen as a divine reward for obedience and victory in battle. This phrase underscores the completeness of the Israelites' victory and God's blessing upon them. It also serves as a reminder of the material and spiritual blessings that come from following God's commands.

and all the people
The phrase "and all the people" indicates that the Israelites took captives from among the Midianites. The Hebrew word "nefesh" is often used for "people," which can mean soul, person, or living being. In this context, it refers to the individuals who were captured and taken as part of the spoils of war. This action reflects the ancient practice of taking captives, who could be used as servants or integrated into the community. From a spiritual perspective, it highlights the sovereignty of God in determining the fate of nations and individuals.

and animals
The inclusion of "and animals" in the list of what was carried away emphasizes the comprehensive nature of the plunder. The Hebrew word "behemah" is used for "animals," which can refer to livestock such as cattle, sheep, and goats. In ancient times, animals were a significant part of wealth and sustenance, providing food, clothing, and labor. The capture of animals not only increased the Israelites' wealth but also ensured their continued prosperity. Spiritually, this can be seen as a testament to God's provision and care for His people, ensuring they have all they need to thrive.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Moses
The leader of the Israelites, who was commanded by God to take vengeance on the Midianites.

2. Midianites
A nomadic tribe that had led Israel into sin through the counsel of Balaam, resulting in God's judgment upon them.

3. Israelites
The people of God, who were instructed to execute God's judgment on the Midianites and take the plunder.

4. Plunder and Spoils
The goods, people, and animals taken by the Israelites as a result of their victory over the Midianites.

5. Balaam
A prophet who advised the Midianites to lead Israel into sin, which ultimately led to their downfall.

Teaching Points

Obedience to Divine Commands
The Israelites' actions in taking the plunder were in direct obedience to God's command. This teaches us the importance of following God's instructions, even when they are difficult or counter-cultural.

Judgment and Mercy
The destruction of the Midianites serves as a reminder of God's judgment against sin. It also points to the mercy available through repentance and obedience, as seen in other biblical accounts.

Stewardship of Resources
The handling of plunder and spoils can be seen as a lesson in stewardship. Believers are called to manage resources wisely and in accordance with God's will.

Spiritual Warfare
The physical battle against the Midianites can be seen as a metaphor for spiritual warfare. Christians are called to be vigilant and to fight against sin and temptation in their lives.

Community and Accountability
The collective action of the Israelites highlights the importance of community and accountability in carrying out God's commands. Believers are encouraged to support one another in their spiritual journeys.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the command to take plunder in Numbers 31:11 reflect God's justice and mercy, and how can we apply this understanding to our lives today?

2. In what ways does the account of the Midianites serve as a warning against sin and disobedience? Can you identify similar warnings in other parts of Scripture?

3. How can the concept of stewardship, as seen in the handling of plunder, be applied to our management of resources in modern times?

4. What lessons can we learn from the Israelites' obedience to God's command in Numbers 31, and how can these lessons be applied to our spiritual battles today?

5. How does the community aspect of the Israelites' actions in Numbers 31 inform our understanding of accountability and support within the church? Can you find other biblical examples that emphasize this principle?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Deuteronomy 20:14
This passage provides instructions on how the Israelites were to handle plunder from their enemies, offering a broader context for understanding the actions in Numbers 31.

Joshua 6:19
The account of Jericho, where the Israelites were instructed to dedicate the plunder to the Lord, contrasts with the events in Numbers 31, highlighting different divine instructions for different situations.

1 Samuel 15:3
God's command to Saul to destroy the Amalekites and their possessions parallels the command given to Moses, emphasizing obedience to divine instructions regarding warfare and plunder.