Numbers 31:12

They brought the captives, spoils, and plunder to Moses, to Eleazar the priest, and to the congregation of Israel at the camp on the plains of Moab, by the Jordan across from Jericho.

Study Bible

They brought
The phrase "They brought" indicates the action of returning with the results of a military campaign. In the Hebrew context, the verb used here is "yāḇō'ū," which signifies a deliberate and purposeful action. This reflects the obedience of the Israelites to God's command through Moses, emphasizing the importance of following divine instructions in the life of a believer.

the captives, spoils, and plunder
This phrase encompasses the results of the battle against the Midianites. "Captives" refers to the people taken during the conquest, "spoils" to the goods and valuables, and "plunder" to the wealth acquired. In the ancient Near Eastern context, such acquisitions were common after a victory. Spiritually, this can be seen as a reminder of the consequences of sin and the importance of spiritual warfare in the life of a Christian, where the ultimate victory is over sin and death through Christ.

to Moses, to Eleazar the priest, and to the congregation of the Israelites
The order of presentation here is significant. "To Moses" first, as the leader appointed by God, then "to Eleazar the priest," representing the spiritual leadership, and finally "to the congregation of the Israelites," the community of God's people. This hierarchy underscores the importance of godly leadership and community in the life of faith. Moses and Eleazar symbolize the dual roles of governance and spiritual guidance, essential for maintaining order and holiness among God's people.

at the camp on the plains of Moab
The "camp on the plains of Moab" situates the Israelites geographically and historically. Moab, located east of the Jordan River, was a significant location as it was the final encampment before entering the Promised Land. This setting serves as a reminder of God's faithfulness in leading His people to the brink of their inheritance, encouraging believers to trust in God's promises and timing.

by the Jordan across from Jericho
This phrase provides a precise geographical marker, "by the Jordan across from Jericho," indicating proximity to the Promised Land. Jericho, known for its fortified walls, represents the first major challenge the Israelites would face upon entering Canaan. This location is symbolic of the transition from wilderness wandering to the fulfillment of God's promises. For Christians, it serves as an inspiration to persevere in faith, knowing that God is faithful to lead His people to victory and fulfillment of His promises.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Moses
The leader of the Israelites, chosen by God to lead His people out of Egypt and through the wilderness. He is a central figure in the Pentateuch and a mediator between God and the Israelites.

2. Eleazar the Priest
The son of Aaron, Eleazar served as the high priest after Aaron's death. He played a crucial role in the religious and ceremonial life of Israel.

3. The Congregation of the Israelites
Refers to the assembly of the Israelite people, who were camped on the plains of Moab during this time. They were preparing to enter the Promised Land.

4. The Plains of Moab
A region east of the Jordan River, where the Israelites camped before crossing into Canaan. It was a significant location for the final instructions and events before entering the Promised Land.

5. The Jordan River and Jericho
The Jordan River was the boundary the Israelites would cross to enter Canaan. Jericho was the first city they would encounter and conquer in the Promised Land.

Teaching Points

Obedience to God's Commands
The Israelites' actions in bringing the captives and spoils to Moses and Eleazar demonstrate their obedience to God's instructions. This obedience is crucial for maintaining a right relationship with God.

Leadership and Accountability
Moses and Eleazar represent spiritual and communal leadership. Their roles highlight the importance of accountability and guidance in the community of faith.

Preparation for God's Promises
The location on the plains of Moab signifies a time of preparation and anticipation for entering the Promised Land. Believers today are called to prepare their hearts and lives for the fulfillment of God's promises.

Community and Worship
The gathering of the congregation underscores the importance of community in worship and decision-making. It reminds us of the value of coming together as a body of believers.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the obedience of the Israelites in Numbers 31:12 serve as a model for our own obedience to God's commands today?

2. In what ways can we see the roles of Moses and Eleazar reflected in the leadership structures within our own churches or communities?

3. How does the setting on the plains of Moab before entering the Promised Land parallel our own spiritual journeys and preparation for God's promises?

4. What lessons can we learn from the communal aspect of the Israelites' actions in this passage, and how can we apply them to our own faith communities?

5. How do the events in Numbers 31:12 connect to the broader account of God's faithfulness to His people, and how can this encourage us in our personal walk with God?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Joshua 3-4
These chapters describe the crossing of the Jordan River, which is the next major event after the Israelites camp on the plains of Moab. It highlights God's faithfulness in leading His people into the Promised Land.

Deuteronomy 34
This chapter recounts the death of Moses on Mount Nebo, which is located in the region of Moab. It connects to the setting of Numbers 31:12 and the transition of leadership to Joshua.

Hebrews 3:1-6
This passage in the New Testament draws a parallel between Moses and Jesus, emphasizing Moses' faithfulness as a servant in God's house, which is relevant to understanding his role in Numbers 31.