Numbers 22:3

and Moab was terrified of the people because they were numerous. Indeed, Moab dreaded the Israelites.

Study Bible

And Moab
The mention of Moab here refers to the descendants of Lot, Abraham's nephew, through his eldest daughter. Moab was a nation located east of the Dead Sea. Historically, the Moabites had a complex relationship with the Israelites, often characterized by conflict and tension. The Moabites were known for their worship of Chemosh, a god that demanded human sacrifices, which starkly contrasted with the monotheistic worship of Yahweh by the Israelites.

was terrified
The Hebrew root for "terrified" is "yāgûr," which conveys a deep sense of fear and anxiety. This fear was not just a passing emotion but a profound dread that gripped the Moabites. The historical context reveals that the Israelites had recently defeated the Amorites, a powerful people, which would have heightened Moab's fear of this seemingly unstoppable force.

of the people
This phrase refers to the Israelites, who were journeying through the wilderness towards the Promised Land. The Israelites were a large group, organized into twelve tribes, each with its own leaders and structure. Their sheer numbers and recent military successes made them a formidable presence in the region.

because they were numerous
The Hebrew word for "numerous" is "rabbîm," indicating a vast multitude. The Israelites' large population was a source of intimidation for the Moabites. This multitude was not just a wandering group but a divinely guided nation with a clear purpose and destiny, as promised to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.

Indeed, Moab dreaded
The repetition of Moab's fear emphasizes the intensity of their dread. The word "dreaded" comes from the Hebrew "qûṣ," which implies a loathing or abhorrence. This dread was not only due to the Israelites' numbers but also their divine backing, which Moab recognized as a significant threat.

the Israelites
The term "Israelites" refers to the descendants of Jacob, also known as Israel. This name carries the weight of God's covenant promises, which included the land of Canaan. The Israelites were not just any people; they were God's chosen nation, set apart for His purposes. Their identity was deeply rooted in their relationship with Yahweh, which was evident in their laws, customs, and worship practices.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Moab
A nation descended from Lot, located east of the Dead Sea. Historically, Moab had a complicated relationship with Israel, often characterized by fear and hostility.

2. The Israelites
The chosen people of God, descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. At this point in the account, they are journeying towards the Promised Land, having recently defeated the Amorites.

3. Balak
The king of Moab during this time, who becomes a central figure in the subsequent account as he seeks to curse the Israelites through Balaam.

4. The Exodus
The broader event of the Israelites' journey from Egypt to the Promised Land, demonstrating God's faithfulness and power.

5. The Amorites
A powerful group defeated by the Israelites, which contributed to Moab's fear of Israel.

Teaching Points

Fear of God's People
The fear that Moab experiences is a testament to God's power and the fulfillment of His promises to Israel. As believers, we can trust that God is faithful to His word and will protect and guide His people.

God's Sovereignty
The account underscores God's control over nations and events. Despite Moab's fear and subsequent actions, God's plan for Israel remains unthwarted. This reminds us to trust in God's overarching plan for our lives.

The Impact of God's Work
The fear of Moab reflects the visible impact of God's work through His people. As Christians, our lives should similarly reflect God's presence, prompting others to recognize His power and authority.

Responding to Fear
Moab's response to fear was to seek a curse against Israel. In contrast, believers are called to respond to fear with faith and reliance on God, seeking His guidance and peace.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the fear of Moab towards Israel reflect the fulfillment of God's promises to His people?

2. In what ways can we see God's sovereignty at work in the events surrounding Moab and Israel?

3. How should the visible impact of God's work in our lives influence those around us, and how can we ensure it points others to Him?

4. What are some ways we can respond to fear with faith, rather than seeking worldly solutions?

5. How can understanding the historical and familial ties between Moab and Israel enhance our comprehension of this passage and its implications for our relationships today?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Genesis 19
Provides background on the origins of Moab, tracing back to Lot, Abraham's nephew. This connection highlights the longstanding familial ties and tensions between Moab and Israel.

Deuteronomy 2
Offers insight into God's instructions to Israel regarding their interactions with Moab, emphasizing God's sovereignty and the fulfillment of His promises.

Joshua 2
The fear of the Israelites by other nations is echoed in the account of Rahab, who acknowledges the dread that has fallen upon the inhabitants of Canaan due to Israel's conquests.