Leviticus 27:5

And if the person is from five to twenty years of age, then your valuation for the male shall be twenty shekels, and for the female ten shekels.

Study Bible

And if the person
This phrase introduces the subject of the valuation, which is a person dedicated to the Lord through a vow. In the Hebrew context, the word for "person" is "נֶפֶשׁ" (nephesh), often translated as "soul" or "being." It emphasizes the individuality and intrinsic value of each person, created in the image of God (Genesis 1:27). This valuation system underscores the importance of every life in the community of Israel.

is from five to twenty years old
This age range signifies a period of growth and development. In ancient Israel, this was a time when individuals were transitioning from childhood to adulthood, learning responsibilities, and contributing to the family and community. The specific mention of age highlights the practical and fair approach of the Mosaic Law, recognizing the varying capacities and potential contributions of individuals at different life stages.

then your valuation for a male
The valuation system reflects the socio-economic context of ancient Israel, where males were often seen as the primary labor force. The Hebrew word for "valuation" is "עֶרְכְּךָ" (erkekha), which implies an assessment or estimation of worth. This valuation is not about intrinsic worth before God but rather a practical assessment for the purpose of fulfilling a vow.

shall be twenty shekels
The shekel was a standard unit of weight and currency in ancient Israel. Twenty shekels for a male in this age range reflects the expected economic contribution and potential labor value. This valuation system was a way to quantify the vow in monetary terms, allowing for the fulfillment of vows through financial means if necessary.

and for a female ten shekels
The valuation for females, set at ten shekels, reflects the cultural and economic realities of the time. While this may seem inequitable by modern standards, it is important to understand it within the historical context where economic roles were different. However, in the eyes of God, both male and female are equally valued, as seen in the creation narrative and throughout Scripture (Galatians 3:28). This valuation system was a practical guideline for the community, not a statement of intrinsic worth.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Moses
The author of Leviticus, who received the laws from God on Mount Sinai. He is the central figure in delivering God's commandments to the Israelites.

2. Israelites
The recipients of the laws in Leviticus, including the instructions on vows and valuations.

3. Tabernacle
The place where the Israelites worshiped and where the priests performed their duties, including the handling of vows and offerings.

4. Priests
The individuals responsible for overseeing the valuations and ensuring that the laws were followed according to God's instructions.

5. Shekel
The unit of currency used in ancient Israel, significant in the valuation process described in this passage.

Teaching Points

Understanding Valuation in Context
The valuation system reflects the economic and social structures of ancient Israel. It is important to understand these valuations in their historical and cultural context rather than through modern lenses.

The Principle of Dedication
The passage highlights the importance of dedicating oneself or one's possessions to God. It encourages believers to consider what they can dedicate to God in their own lives.

Gender and Value
The differing valuations for males and females reflect the societal norms of the time. This invites discussion on how cultural contexts influence religious practices and how we can apply biblical principles in today's context.

Commitment to God
The passage underscores the seriousness of making vows to God. Believers are encouraged to be thoughtful and sincere in their commitments to God.

God's Sovereignty and Order
The detailed instructions in Leviticus demonstrate God's desire for order and structure in worship and community life. This can inspire believers to seek God's order in their personal and communal lives.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does understanding the historical and cultural context of Leviticus 27:5 help us interpret its meaning today?

2. In what ways can we apply the principle of dedication found in this passage to our modern lives?

3. How do the differing valuations for males and females in this passage reflect the societal norms of ancient Israel, and what lessons can we learn about cultural context and biblical interpretation?

4. What are some modern equivalents of making vows to God, and how can we ensure that we are sincere and thoughtful in these commitments?

5. How does the order and structure seen in Leviticus 27:5 reflect God's character, and how can we apply this understanding to our personal and communal worship practices?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Exodus 30:11-16
Discusses the census tax and the use of shekels, providing context for the valuation system in Leviticus.

Numbers 18:16
Mentions the redemption price for a firstborn, which also involves a valuation in shekels, showing the consistency in the use of currency for religious purposes.

1 Samuel 1:11
Hannah's vow to dedicate her son Samuel to the Lord, illustrating the personal nature of vows and their significance in Israelite culture.