Leviticus 11:21

However, you may eat the following kinds of flying insects that walk on all fours: those having jointed legs above their feet for hopping on the ground.

Study Bible

However
This word introduces an exception to the previous prohibitions regarding unclean animals. In Hebrew, the word is often translated from "אַךְ" (akh), which serves to contrast or limit what has been previously stated. It signifies a shift in the narrative, highlighting God's grace and provision even within the boundaries of the law. This reminds us of the balance between divine holiness and mercy, where God provides for His people within the framework of His commandments.

you may eat
The permission granted here is significant. In Hebrew, "תֹּאכְלוּ" (tokhlu) is used, which is a form of the verb "to eat." This allowance underscores God's concern for the dietary needs of His people, ensuring they have sustenance while maintaining ritual purity. It reflects the broader biblical theme of God as a provider, who cares for the physical and spiritual well-being of His followers.

the following kinds of winged creatures
The phrase refers to specific types of insects that are permissible to eat. In the Hebrew text, "מִכֹּל שֶׁרֶץ הָעוֹף" (mikkol sheretz ha'of) is used, indicating a subset of flying creatures. This distinction highlights the importance of discernment and obedience in the life of a believer, as not all creatures are deemed clean. It serves as a metaphor for the need to distinguish between what is holy and profane in our spiritual walk.

that walk on all fours
This description might seem contradictory since insects typically have six legs. However, the phrase "הַהֹלֵךְ עַל אַרְבַּע" (haholekh al arba) can be understood as a general description of their movement. It emphasizes the need for careful observation and understanding of God's laws, as they may not always align with human logic or expectations. This calls believers to trust in God's wisdom and guidance.

those that have jointed legs for hopping on the ground
The specific characteristic of "jointed legs" (in Hebrew, "כְּרָעַיִם מִמַּעַל לְרַגְלָיו" - kera'ayim mimma'al leraglav) identifies permissible insects like locusts, crickets, and grasshoppers. These creatures are not only clean but also symbolize resilience and provision. Historically, locusts were a common food source in the ancient Near East, providing protein and sustenance. Spiritually, this can inspire believers to recognize God's provision in unexpected forms and to be adaptable and resilient in their faith journey.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Moses
Traditionally considered the author of Leviticus, Moses is the leader of the Israelites and the mediator of God's laws to His people.

2. Israelites
The chosen people of God, to whom the laws in Leviticus were given as they journeyed through the wilderness after their exodus from Egypt.

3. Clean and Unclean Animals
The focus of Leviticus 11, where God provides dietary laws distinguishing between animals that can be eaten and those that cannot.

Teaching Points

Understanding Holiness
The dietary laws in Leviticus 11, including verse 21, underscore the call to holiness and separation from pagan practices. As believers, we are called to live distinct lives that reflect God's holiness.

Obedience to God's Commands
The specific instructions about clean and unclean animals teach us the importance of obedience to God's commands, even when they may not make immediate sense to us.

Symbolism of Purity
The distinction between clean and unclean animals symbolizes the broader spiritual truth of purity and impurity. We are reminded to examine our lives for areas that need cleansing and alignment with God's will.

Cultural Context and Change
Understanding the cultural and historical context of these laws helps us appreciate the continuity and change in God's revelation, especially as seen in the New Testament.

Spiritual Discernment
Just as the Israelites needed discernment to follow dietary laws, we need spiritual discernment to navigate the complexities of modern life while maintaining our faith.

Bible Study Questions

1. How do the dietary laws in Leviticus 11:21 reflect God's desire for His people to be set apart, and how can we apply this principle in our lives today?

2. In what ways do the distinctions between clean and unclean animals point to the broader theme of holiness in the Bible?

3. How does the New Testament reinterpret the dietary laws found in Leviticus, and what does this teach us about the continuity and change in God's covenant with His people?

4. What are some modern "unclean" influences that we need to be aware of, and how can we apply the principle of discernment in our daily lives?

5. How can understanding the historical and cultural context of Leviticus 11 enhance our appreciation of God's Word and its application to our lives today?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Genesis 1:29-30
This passage describes God's original provision of food for humanity, which was plant-based, highlighting a shift in dietary laws post-Fall and post-Flood.

Acts 10:9-16
Peter's vision of clean and unclean animals, which signifies the removal of dietary restrictions and the inclusion of Gentiles into the faith.

Mark 7:18-19
Jesus declares all foods clean, emphasizing the heart's condition over dietary laws.