Judges 9:10

Then the trees said to the fig tree, 'Come and reign over us.'

Study Bible

Then the trees
In this parable, the "trees" symbolize the people of Shechem and the broader Israelite community. Trees, in biblical literature, often represent nations or groups of people (e.g., Ezekiel 31:3-9). The use of trees here is metaphorical, illustrating the search for leadership among the Israelites. Historically, this reflects a time of political instability in Israel, where the absence of a central monarchy led to a cycle of judges and leaders rising and falling.

said to the fig tree
The fig tree is a significant symbol in the Bible, often representing prosperity, peace, and security (e.g., 1 Kings 4:25, Micah 4:4). In this context, the fig tree represents a potential leader who possesses qualities desirable for governance. The fig tree's mention here suggests a leader who could bring sweetness and nourishment to the people, much like the fruit of the fig tree itself. The fig tree's role in the parable highlights the people's desire for a leader who can provide stability and prosperity.

Come and reign over us
This phrase reflects the people's plea for leadership and governance. The Hebrew root for "reign" (מָלַךְ, malak) implies not just ruling but also guiding and protecting. The request for the fig tree to "reign" indicates a longing for a ruler who can offer guidance and protection, akin to the role of a shepherd over his flock. This plea underscores the Israelites' struggle with leadership during the time of the judges, as they sought a king-like figure to unify and lead them, foreshadowing their eventual demand for a monarchy in 1 Samuel 8.

Persons / Places / Events

1. The Trees
Symbolic representation of the people of Shechem seeking a leader. In the parable, the trees represent the various factions or groups within Israel.

2. The Fig Tree
Represents a potential leader who is approached by the people. The fig tree is known for its sweetness and good fruit, symbolizing a leader with desirable qualities.

3. Jotham
The speaker of the parable, the youngest son of Gideon, who survived the massacre of his brothers by Abimelech. He uses this parable to warn the people of Shechem about their choice of Abimelech as king.

4. Abimelech
The son of Gideon who killed his brothers to become king. He is the central figure in the events leading up to this parable.

5. Shechem
The city where the events take place. It is significant as a center of political and religious activity in Israel.

Teaching Points

Discernment in Leadership
The parable teaches the importance of choosing leaders based on godly qualities rather than superficial attributes or personal gain.

Consequences of Poor Choices
The account of Abimelech and the parable of the trees illustrate the destructive outcomes of choosing leaders who do not align with God's will.

God's Sovereignty
Despite human choices, God's purposes prevail. Jotham's parable serves as a prophetic warning that ultimately comes to pass.

Value of Humility
The fig tree's refusal to reign can be seen as a lesson in humility and contentment with one's God-given role.

Seeking God's Guidance
The account encourages believers to seek God's wisdom and guidance in all decisions, especially in leadership.

Bible Study Questions

1. What qualities should we look for in leaders, both in the church and in society, based on the symbolism of the fig tree?

2. How does the parable of the trees in Judges 9:10 reflect the broader theme of Israel's struggle with leadership throughout the Old Testament?

3. In what ways can we apply the lesson of humility from the fig tree to our personal lives and ambitions?

4. How does the account of Abimelech serve as a warning against self-serving leadership, and what New Testament teachings reinforce this warning?

5. Reflect on a time when you had to make a significant decision. How can the principles from this passage guide you in seeking God's will in future decisions?

Connections to Other Scriptures

1 Samuel 8
The Israelites demand a king, similar to the trees seeking a ruler. This reflects the human tendency to seek earthly leadership rather than divine guidance.

Matthew 7:16-20
Jesus speaks about recognizing people by their fruits, which connects to the fig tree's representation of good leadership qualities.

John 15:1-8
Jesus as the true vine, emphasizing the importance of abiding in Him to bear good fruit, contrasting with the self-seeking leadership of Abimelech.