Joshua 18:13
From there the border crossed over to the southern slope of Luz (that is, Bethel) and went down to Ataroth-addar on the hill south of Lower Beth-horon.
From there the border continued to Luz
The phrase "From there the border continued to Luz" indicates a transition in the delineation of the tribal territories. "Luz" is the ancient name for Bethel, a significant location in biblical history. The Hebrew root for Luz can mean "almond tree" or "separation," symbolizing a place of divine encounters and covenantal promises, as seen in Jacob's dream (Genesis 28:19). This transition signifies the continuation of God's promises and the unfolding of His divine plan for the Israelites.

to the southern slope of Luz (that is, Bethel)
The specification "to the southern slope of Luz (that is, Bethel)" provides clarity and continuity in the narrative. Bethel, meaning "House of God," is a place of profound spiritual significance. It was here that Jacob had his vision of the ladder reaching to heaven, marking it as a place of divine revelation and covenant. The southern slope indicates a geographical boundary, but spiritually, it represents the nearness of God's presence and the importance of worship and remembrance in the life of the Israelites.

and went down to Ataroth-addar
The phrase "and went down to Ataroth-addar" describes the boundary's descent, both geographically and symbolically. Ataroth-addar, meaning "crowns of glory," suggests a place of honor and distinction. The descent to this location can be seen as a reminder of the humility required to receive God's glory and blessings. It emphasizes the need for the Israelites to remain faithful and humble as they inhabit the land promised to them.

on the hill south of Lower Beth-horon
Finally, "on the hill south of Lower Beth-horon" situates the boundary in a specific topographical context. Beth-horon, meaning "house of hollowness" or "house of freedom," was a strategic location in ancient Israel, often associated with military victories and divine intervention (Joshua 10:10-11). The mention of the hill south of Lower Beth-horon highlights the importance of strategic positioning and reliance on God's strength for victory. It serves as a reminder of God's faithfulness in delivering His people and securing their inheritance.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Luz/Bethel
Originally called Luz, this city was renamed Bethel, meaning "House of God." It holds significant historical and spiritual importance as a place where God appeared to Jacob.

2. Ataroth-addar
A location mentioned as part of the boundary descriptions for the tribes of Israel. It is situated near the hill south of Lower Beth-horon.

3. Lower Beth-horon
A town on the border of the tribal lands, known for its strategic military importance due to its location on a pass between the coastal plain and the hill country.
Teaching Points
The Importance of Boundaries
Just as the Israelites were given specific boundaries for their inheritance, Christians are called to recognize and respect the spiritual and moral boundaries set by God.

Significance of Sacred Places
Bethel's history as a place of divine encounter reminds believers of the importance of setting aside sacred spaces and times for meeting with God.

Historical and Spiritual Legacy
The cities and locations mentioned in Joshua 18:13 serve as reminders of the rich spiritual heritage and the need to uphold and pass on faith traditions.

God's Faithfulness in Fulfillment
The detailed description of land boundaries underscores God's faithfulness in fulfilling His promises to the tribes of Israel, encouraging believers to trust in His promises today.

Strategic Spiritual Warfare
The mention of Lower Beth-horon, a strategic military location, can be a metaphor for the spiritual battles Christians face and the need for vigilance and preparedness.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the historical significance of Bethel as a place of divine encounter influence your personal spiritual practices today?

2. In what ways can understanding the boundaries set by God in Scripture help you establish healthy spiritual and moral boundaries in your life?

3. Reflect on a time when you experienced God's faithfulness in fulfilling a promise. How does this encourage you in your current circumstances?

4. How can the concept of sacred spaces be applied in your daily life to enhance your relationship with God?

5. Considering the strategic importance of Lower Beth-horon, what steps can you take to be better prepared for spiritual battles in your life?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Genesis 28
Jacob's dream at Bethel, where he saw a ladder reaching to heaven, establishes Bethel as a place of divine encounter and covenant.

1 Samuel 7
Samuel's leadership and the spiritual renewal of Israel at Mizpah, near Bethel, highlight the ongoing significance of this region in Israel's history.

1 Kings 12
Jeroboam's establishment of a rival worship center in Bethel, illustrating the city's continued religious significance and the dangers of idolatry.
Joshua's RemonstranceR. P. Buddicom, M. A.Joshua 18:1-28
Religion in the New LandW. G. Blaikie, D. D.Joshua 18:1-28
Slack to PossessW. Seaton.Joshua 18:1-28
People
Addar, Ben, Benjamin, Bohan, Ephron, Gad, Gibeon, Hoglah, Israelites, Joseph, Joshua, Levites, Manasseh, Ophrah, Rekem, Reuben
Places
Adummim, Arabah, Ataroth-addar, Avvim, Beeroth, Beth-arabah, Beth-aven, Bethel, Beth-hoglah, Beth-horon, Emek-keziz, En-rogel, En-shemesh, Ephron, Geba, Geliloth, Gibeah, Gibeon, Haeleph, Irpeel, Jebus, Jericho, Jerusalem, Jordan River, Kiriath-baal, Kiriath-jearim, Luz, Mizpeh, Mozah, Nephtoah, Ophni, Ophrah, Parah, Ramah, Rekem, Salt Sea, Shiloh, Taralah, Valley of Hinnom, Valley of Rephaim, Zela, Zemaraim
Topics
Addar, Along, Ataroth, Atarothadar, Ataroth-adar, Ataroth-addar, At'aroth-ad'dar, Atroth-addar, Beth, Bethel, Beth-el, Bethhoron, Beth-horon, Beth-hor'on, Border, Boundary, Continued, Descended, Direction, Goes, Hill, Horon, Lies, Lieth, Line, Lower, Luz, Mountain, Nether, Passed, Passes, Shoulder, Slope, South, Southward, Thence, Towards
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Joshua 18:11-28

     5235   boundary

Library
The Northern Coast of Judea. Beth-Horon.
This coast is marked out Joshua 18:12; where, at verse 14, are very many versions to be corrected, which render the sea; such are, the Syriac, the Seventy, the Vulgar, the Italian, ours, &c.: whence ariseth a sense of insuperable difficulty to a chorographical eye: when it should, indeed, be rendered of the west, as the Chaldee, Arabic, R. Solomon, &c. rightly do. We read of a double Beth-horon in the Old Testament, but one only under the second Temple... At that place that great Canaanitish army
John Lightfoot—From the Talmud and Hebraica

Ramah. Ramathaim Zophim. Gibeah.
There was a certain Ramah, in the tribe of Benjamin, Joshua 18:25, and that within sight of Jerusalem, as it seems, Judges 19:13; where it is named with Gibeah:--and elsewhere, Hosea 5:8; which towns were not much distant. See 1 Samuel 22:6; "Saul sat in Gibeah, under a grove in Ramah." Here the Gemarists trifle: "Whence is it (say they) that Ramah is placed near Gibea? To hint to you, that the speech of Samuel of Ramah was the cause, why Saul remained two years and a half in Gibeah." They blindly
John Lightfoot—From the Talmud and Hebraica

Beth-El. Beth-Aven.
Josephus thus describes the land of Benjamin; "The Benjamites' portion of land was from the river Jordan to the sea, in length: in breadth, it was bounded by Jerusalem and Beth-el." Let these last words be marked, "The breadth of the land of Benjamin was bounded by Jerusalem and Beth-el." May we not justly conclude, from these words, that Jerusalem and Beth-el were opposite, as it were, in a right line? But if you look upon the maps, there are some that separate these by a very large tract of land,
John Lightfoot—From the Talmud and Hebraica

Retiring Before the Sanhedrin's Decree.
(Jerusalem and Ephraim in Judæa.) ^D John XI. 47-54. ^d 47 The chief priests therefore and the Pharisees gathered a council [called a meeting of the Sanhedrin], and said, What do we? [Thus they reproach one another for having done nothing in a present and urgent crisis. As two of their number (Nicodemus and Joseph of Arimathæa) were afterwards in communications with Christians, it was easy for the disciples to find out what occurred on this notable occasion.] for this man doeth many signs.
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

Flight into Egypt and Slaughter of the Bethlehem Children.
(Bethlehem and Road Thence to Egypt, b.c. 4.) ^A Matt. II. 13-18. ^a 13 Now when they were departed [The text favors the idea that the arrival and departure of the magi and the departure of Joseph for Egypt, all occurred in one night. If so, the people of Bethlehem knew nothing of these matters], behold, the angel of the Lord appeareth to Joseph in a dream, saying, Arise [this command calls for immediate departure] and take the young child and his mother, and flee into Egypt [This land was ever the
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

Subjects of Study. Home Education in Israel; Female Education. Elementary Schools, Schoolmasters, and School Arrangements.
If a faithful picture of society in ancient Greece or Rome were to be presented to view, it is not easy to believe that even they who now most oppose the Bible could wish their aims success. For this, at any rate, may be asserted, without fear of gainsaying, that no other religion than that of the Bible has proved competent to control an advanced, or even an advancing, state of civilisation. Every other bound has been successively passed and submerged by the rising tide; how deep only the student
Alfred Edersheim—Sketches of Jewish Social Life

Joshua
The book of Joshua is the natural complement of the Pentateuch. Moses is dead, but the people are on the verge of the promised land, and the story of early Israel would be incomplete, did it not record the conquest of that land and her establishment upon it. The divine purpose moves restlessly on, until it is accomplished; so "after the death of Moses, Jehovah spake to Joshua," i. 1. The book falls naturally into three divisions: (a) the conquest of Canaan (i.-xii.), (b) the settlement of the
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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