John 20:4

The two were running together, but the other disciple outran Peter and reached the tomb first.

Study Bible

The two were running together
This phrase sets the scene of urgency and anticipation. The "two" refers to Peter and the "other disciple," traditionally understood to be John, the author of this Gospel. The Greek word for "running" (τρέχω, trechō) conveys a sense of haste and eagerness. This reflects the disciples' deep concern and desire to verify the news of the empty tomb. Historically, running was not a common mode of travel for adults in ancient times, indicating the extraordinary nature of the event. Theologically, this urgency can symbolize the Christian's pursuit of truth and the eagerness to witness the fulfillment of Jesus' resurrection.

but the other disciple outran Peter
The "other disciple" is often identified as John, who humbly refrains from naming himself directly. The Greek word for "outran" (προτρέχω, protrechō) suggests not just speed but a surpassing or excelling. This could imply John's youthful vigor compared to Peter, who was likely older. Spiritually, this may represent the different paces at which individuals come to faith or understanding. John's faster arrival could symbolize a more immediate recognition or acceptance of the resurrection, while Peter's slower pace might reflect a more contemplative or cautious approach.

and reached the tomb first
The phrase "reached the tomb first" highlights the culmination of the race. The Greek word for "reached" (ἔρχομαι, erchomai) is often used in the New Testament to denote coming or arriving, emphasizing the physical and spiritual journey to the truth of the resurrection. The "tomb" is central to the resurrection narrative, serving as the physical evidence of Jesus' victory over death. Historically, tombs were often carved out of rock and sealed with a stone, making the empty tomb a powerful testament to the miraculous event. Theologically, reaching the tomb first can symbolize the privilege and responsibility of being among the first witnesses to the resurrection, a cornerstone of Christian faith.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Peter
One of Jesus' closest disciples, known for his impulsive nature and deep devotion to Christ. He was a leader among the apostles and played a significant role in the early church.

2. The Other Disciple
Commonly understood to be John, the author of the Gospel. He is often referred to as "the disciple whom Jesus loved," indicating a close personal relationship with Jesus.

3. The Tomb
The burial place of Jesus, located in a garden near the site of the crucifixion. It was a new tomb, hewn out of rock, where Jesus was laid after His crucifixion.

4. The Event
The resurrection morning when Mary Magdalene discovered the empty tomb and reported it to Peter and John, prompting them to run to the tomb to see for themselves.

Teaching Points

Urgency in Seeking Christ
Just as Peter and John ran to the tomb, we should have an urgency in seeking Christ and understanding His resurrection, which is central to our faith.

The Importance of Witness
The fact that both Peter and John witnessed the empty tomb underscores the importance of having multiple witnesses to the truth of the resurrection, which strengthens our faith and testimony.

Spiritual Readiness
The readiness of Peter and John to respond to the news of the empty tomb challenges us to be spiritually ready to respond to God's work in our lives.

Personal Relationship with Jesus
John's reference to himself as "the other disciple" or "the disciple whom Jesus loved" highlights the personal relationship we are invited to have with Christ.

Faith in Action
The act of running to the tomb is a demonstration of faith in action. Our belief in the resurrection should propel us to live out our faith actively and passionately.

Bible Study Questions

1. What does the urgency of Peter and John's response to the news of the empty tomb teach us about our own response to the gospel?

2. How does the presence of multiple witnesses to the resurrection strengthen our faith today?

3. In what ways can we cultivate a personal and intimate relationship with Jesus, similar to that of John, "the disciple whom Jesus loved"?

4. How can we demonstrate our faith in action in our daily lives, inspired by the example of Peter and John running to the tomb?

5. Reflect on a time when you felt spiritually ready to respond to God's call. How can you maintain that readiness in your current walk with Christ?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Luke 24:12
This verse describes Peter running to the tomb, providing a parallel account of the same event, emphasizing the urgency and importance of the resurrection discovery.

1 Corinthians 15:4
Paul affirms the resurrection of Jesus, which is the central event that Peter and John were witnessing the aftermath of, highlighting its foundational importance to the Christian faith.

Hebrews 12:1
This verse encourages believers to run the race of faith with perseverance, drawing a metaphorical connection to the physical running of Peter and John towards the tomb.