Genesis 34:28

They took their flocks and herds and donkeys, and everything else in the city or in the field.

Study Bible

They took
This phrase indicates an act of seizing or capturing. In the Hebrew context, the word "took" (לָקַח, laqach) often implies taking possession with force or authority. This reflects the severity of the actions taken by Simeon and Levi, the sons of Jacob, in response to the defilement of their sister Dinah. It underscores the theme of retribution and justice, albeit through violent means, which is a recurring motif in the Old Testament narratives.

their flocks and herds and donkeys
The mention of "flocks and herds and donkeys" highlights the wealth and livelihood of the people of Shechem. In ancient Near Eastern culture, livestock was a primary measure of wealth and economic stability. By taking these, Simeon and Levi were not only exacting revenge but also crippling the economic foundation of the Shechemites. This act of taking livestock is symbolic of stripping away the prosperity and security of their enemies, a common practice in ancient warfare.

and everything else in the city or in the field
This phrase emphasizes the totality of the plunder. The Hebrew word for "everything" (כֹּל, kol) suggests completeness and thoroughness. The inclusion of both "city" and "field" indicates that nothing was left untouched, signifying a complete and utter desolation of Shechem. This reflects the comprehensive nature of the judgment executed by Jacob's sons, which can be seen as a reflection of divine justice, albeit carried out through human hands. The city and field together represent the entirety of the Shechemites' domain, underscoring the totality of the retribution.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Simeon and Levi
Sons of Jacob who led the attack on Shechem in response to the defilement of their sister, Dinah.

2. Shechem
A city in the land of Canaan where the events of Genesis 34 take place. It is named after the prince who defiled Dinah.

3. Dinah
The daughter of Jacob and Leah, whose defilement by Shechem led to the subsequent events.

4. Jacob
The patriarch of the family, father of Dinah, Simeon, and Levi, who later reacts to the actions of his sons.

5. The Shechemites
The inhabitants of the city of Shechem who were plundered by Jacob's sons.

Teaching Points

The Consequences of Anger and Revenge
Simeon and Levi's actions were driven by anger and a desire for revenge, leading to further sin and consequences. Believers are called to manage anger and seek God's justice.

The Impact of Sin on Community
The sin of Shechem affected not only Dinah but also led to the destruction of an entire city. Sin often has a ripple effect, impacting more than just the immediate parties involved.

The Importance of Seeking Godly Counsel
Before taking action, seeking wisdom and guidance from God and godly leaders can prevent rash decisions and sinful actions.

The Role of Forgiveness and Reconciliation
While the Old Testament often records acts of vengeance, the New Testament calls believers to forgiveness and reconciliation, reflecting Christ's teachings.

Material Possessions and Spiritual Priorities
The plundering of Shechem's goods highlights the temptation to prioritize material gain over spiritual integrity.

Bible Study Questions

1. How do the actions of Simeon and Levi in Genesis 34:28 reflect the dangers of unchecked anger and revenge? How can we apply Romans 12:19 in our lives today?

2. In what ways does the account of Shechem illustrate the broader impact of sin on a community? How can we be mindful of the ripple effects of our actions?

3. What steps can we take to ensure we seek godly counsel before making significant decisions, especially in times of conflict?

4. How does the New Testament teaching on forgiveness and reconciliation challenge us to respond differently than Simeon and Levi did?

5. Reflect on the temptation to prioritize material possessions over spiritual values. How can we align our priorities with biblical teachings?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Genesis 49:5-7
Jacob's prophecy concerning Simeon and Levi, highlighting the consequences of their violent actions.

Exodus 20:15
The commandment against stealing, which contrasts with the actions of Simeon and Levi in plundering Shechem.

Proverbs 6:16-19
Lists things the Lord hates, including hands that shed innocent blood, which can be related to the actions in Shechem.

Romans 12:19
Encourages believers to leave vengeance to God, contrasting with Simeon and Levi's personal retribution.

Matthew 5:9
Jesus' teaching on peacemakers, offering a New Testament perspective on conflict resolution.