Ezra 5:17

Now, therefore, if it pleases the king, let a search be made of the royal archives in Babylon to see if King Cyrus did indeed issue a decree to rebuild the house of God in Jerusalem. Then let the king send us his decision in this matter.

Study Bible

Now if it pleases the king
This phrase reflects the respectful and diplomatic approach taken by the Jewish leaders towards the Persian king. The Hebrew root for "pleases" (טוֹב, tov) conveys goodness or favor, indicating a request made with humility and deference. Historically, this approach was necessary as the Jews were under Persian rule, and their ability to rebuild the temple depended on the king's goodwill.

let a search be conducted
The request for a search implies a reliance on documented evidence and the importance of legal and historical records in the Persian Empire. The phrase underscores the meticulous nature of Persian administration, where decrees and decisions were carefully archived. This reflects the Jewish leaders' confidence that the truth of Cyrus's decree would be found in these records.

in the royal archives there in Babylon
The mention of "royal archives" highlights the centralized and organized record-keeping of the Persian Empire. Babylon, as a major administrative center, housed these important documents. Archaeological discoveries have confirmed the existence of such archives, which were crucial for governance and legal matters in the empire.

to determine if a decree was issued by King Cyrus
This phrase points to the historical decree by Cyrus the Great, which allowed the Jews to return to Jerusalem and rebuild the temple. The decree is a pivotal moment in Jewish history, fulfilling the prophecy of Isaiah (Isaiah 44:28) and demonstrating God's sovereignty in using a foreign king to accomplish His purposes.

to rebuild this house of God in Jerusalem
The "house of God" refers to the temple, the central place of worship and identity for the Jewish people. The rebuilding of the temple was not just a physical restoration but a spiritual renewal for the Jewish community. Jerusalem, as the chosen city, holds deep theological significance as the place where God chose to dwell among His people.

And let the king send us his decision in this matter
This closing request emphasizes the dependence of the Jewish leaders on the king's authority and decision. It reflects a trust in the king's justice and the hope that he would honor the original decree. The phrase also highlights the theme of divine providence, as the Jewish leaders believed that God would guide the king's heart to support their cause.

Persons / Places / Events

1. King Cyrus
The Persian king who initially issued the decree allowing the Jews to return to Jerusalem and rebuild the temple. His decree is central to the events in Ezra 5:17.

2. Babylon
The location of the royal archives where the search for the decree is to be conducted. Babylon was a significant city in the Persian Empire and a place of exile for the Jews.

3. Jerusalem
The city where the temple is being rebuilt. It is the spiritual and cultural center for the Jewish people.

4. The House of God
Refers to the temple in Jerusalem, which is the focal point of Jewish worship and the subject of the rebuilding efforts.

5. The Royal Archives
The repository of official documents and decrees, where the search for King Cyrus's decree is to be conducted.

Teaching Points

The Sovereignty of God
God's hand is evident in the affairs of nations and rulers. He can use even pagan kings to accomplish His divine purposes, as seen in the decree of Cyrus.

The Importance of Historical Records
The search in the royal archives underscores the value of historical documentation in verifying God's work and promises. It reminds us to be diligent in seeking truth and understanding history.

Faithfulness in Adversity
The Jews' persistence in rebuilding the temple despite opposition teaches us to remain faithful to God's calling, trusting that He will provide a way forward.

The Role of Government in God's Plan
This passage illustrates how God can use governmental authorities to support His people and purposes. It encourages us to pray for leaders and seek their favor in fulfilling God's work.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the decree of King Cyrus demonstrate God's sovereignty over world events, and how can this understanding impact our view of current global affairs?

2. In what ways can we ensure that we are diligent in seeking truth and understanding the historical context of our faith, similar to the search in the royal archives?

3. How can we remain faithful to God's calling in our lives, even when facing opposition or uncertainty, as the Jews did during the rebuilding of the temple?

4. What role do you see for government and authorities in supporting or hindering God's work today, and how can we pray for and engage with them effectively?

5. How can the account of the rebuilding of the temple inspire us to rebuild or restore areas of our lives or communities that have been neglected or opposed?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Ezra 1:1-4
This passage details the original decree by King Cyrus, which is the subject of the search in Ezra 5:17. It provides the historical context for the rebuilding of the temple.

Daniel 6:1-28
This chapter highlights the importance of royal decrees in the Persian Empire and the unchangeable nature of such decrees once issued.

2 Chronicles 36:22-23
These verses parallel the decree of Cyrus, emphasizing God's sovereignty in moving the heart of a pagan king to fulfill His purposes.