Exodus 10:23

No one could see anyone else, and for three days no one left his place. Yet all the Israelites had light in their dwellings.

Study Bible

No one could see
This phrase highlights the profound darkness that enveloped Egypt during the ninth plague. The Hebrew word for "see" is "ra'ah," which implies not just physical sight but also understanding and perception. This darkness was not merely an absence of light but a tangible, oppressive force that prevented any form of discernment or movement. In a spiritual sense, this darkness symbolizes the blindness of the Egyptians to the truth of God's power and sovereignty.

one another
The inability to see "one another" underscores the isolation and disconnection caused by the plague. In a society where community and relationships were vital, this darkness severed the bonds between individuals, reflecting the spiritual separation from God that sin causes. Historically, this plague would have disrupted daily life, commerce, and social interaction, emphasizing the totality of God's judgment.

nor did anyone leave his place
The phrase "leave his place" indicates a complete halt to normal activities. The Hebrew word "qum," meaning to rise or stand, suggests that the Egyptians were immobilized, both physically and spiritually. This immobility can be seen as a metaphor for the paralysis that sin and rebellion against God bring into a person's life. The darkness was so pervasive that it forced the Egyptians to remain in their homes, unable to function or escape.

for three days
The duration of "three days" is significant in biblical numerology, often symbolizing completeness or divine intervention. This period of darkness can be seen as a precursor to the resurrection of Christ, who was in the tomb for three days before rising again, bringing light and life to a darkened world. Historically, three days of darkness would have been a severe test of endurance and faith, highlighting the Egyptians' need for deliverance and the futility of their gods.

Yet all the Israelites had light
This contrast between the Egyptians and the Israelites is profound. The "light" that the Israelites experienced is not just physical illumination but also represents the presence and favor of God. The Hebrew word "or" for light is often associated with life, joy, and salvation. This divine light set the Israelites apart, demonstrating God's covenant faithfulness and His power to protect and provide for His people even in the midst of judgment. This distinction serves as a powerful reminder of the spiritual light that believers have in Christ, who is the Light of the World.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Pharaoh
The ruler of Egypt who refused to let the Israelites go, leading to the plagues.

2. Moses
The prophet and leader of the Israelites, who conveyed God's commands to Pharaoh.

3. Egypt
The land where the Israelites were enslaved and where the plagues occurred.

4. Israelites
The descendants of Jacob, living in Egypt, who were spared from the plague of darkness.

5. Plague of Darkness
The ninth plague sent by God upon Egypt, causing complete darkness for three days.

Teaching Points

God's Sovereignty
The plague of darkness demonstrates God's absolute control over creation. He can bring light or darkness according to His will.

Protection of God's People
The Israelites had light in their dwellings, showing God's provision and protection for His people even in the midst of judgment.

Spiritual Light
Just as God provided physical light to the Israelites, He provides spiritual light to believers through Jesus Christ, guiding us through the darkness of the world.

Judgment and Mercy
The darkness was a form of judgment on Egypt, yet God showed mercy to the Israelites, illustrating the dual aspects of God's nature.

Obedience and Deliverance
The plagues, including the darkness, were a call to Pharaoh to obey God. Similarly, God calls us to obedience, promising deliverance from spiritual bondage.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the plague of darkness in Egypt demonstrate God's power and authority over creation?

2. In what ways does the light given to the Israelites during the plague of darkness symbolize God's provision for His people today?

3. How can we apply the concept of spiritual light in our daily lives, especially when facing challenging or "dark" situations?

4. What does the contrast between the Egyptians' darkness and the Israelites' light teach us about God's judgment and mercy?

5. How can the account of the plagues, including the darkness, encourage us to trust in God's deliverance and timing in our own lives?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Genesis 1:3-4
The creation of light by God, contrasting the darkness in Egypt, highlighting God's control over light and darkness.

John 1:5
The light shines in the darkness, and the darkness has not overcome it, symbolizing the spiritual light that God provides to His people.

Psalm 105:28
A recounting of the plagues, including the darkness, as a demonstration of God's power and judgment.

2 Corinthians 4:6
God’s light shining in our hearts, drawing a parallel to the light given to the Israelites amidst the darkness.