Esther 9:7

including Parshandatha, Dalphon, Aspatha,

Study Bible

They killed
This phrase marks the execution of justice as the Jews defended themselves against their enemies. The Hebrew root word for "killed" is "הָרַג" (harag), which means to slay or destroy. In the context of Esther, this action is not merely an act of violence but a divinely sanctioned defense against those who sought to annihilate the Jewish people. Historically, this reflects the broader theme of divine justice and protection found throughout the Old Testament, where God often intervenes to protect His chosen people.

Parshandatha
The name Parshandatha is of Persian origin, and its inclusion in the text highlights the historical and cultural setting of the Book of Esther. The presence of Persian names underscores the reality of the Jewish exile and the influence of the Persian Empire. Parshandatha, as one of Haman's ten sons, represents the continuation of Haman's evil intentions against the Jews. His death signifies the downfall of those who oppose God's people, aligning with the biblical theme that those who curse Israel will themselves be cursed (Genesis 12:3).

Dalphon
Like Parshandatha, Dalphon is another son of Haman, and his name is also of Persian origin. The repetition of these names serves to emphasize the complete eradication of Haman's lineage, which is significant in the narrative as it symbolizes the total defeat of evil. Theologically, this can be seen as a foreshadowing of the ultimate victory of good over evil, a theme that resonates throughout Scripture and finds its fulfillment in the New Testament.

Aspatha
The name Aspatha, also Persian, completes the trio mentioned in this verse. The listing of Haman's sons by name is a literary device that underscores the thoroughness of the Jews' victory. In the historical context, naming each son individually serves to document the event with precision, reflecting the importance of this victory in Jewish history. Scripturally, it reinforces the idea that God is attentive to the details of His people's struggles and triumphs, ensuring that justice is served in accordance with His divine plan.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Parshandatha
One of the ten sons of Haman, an enemy of the Jews, who was killed by the Jews in Susa as part of their defense against those who sought their harm.

2. Dalphon
Another son of Haman, also killed by the Jews. His name is listed among those who were executed in the defense of the Jewish people.

3. Aspatha
A third son of Haman, included in the list of those killed. His death signifies the downfall of Haman's lineage and the protection of the Jewish people.

Teaching Points

Divine Justice and Protection
The execution of Haman's sons demonstrates God's justice and His protection over His people. It serves as a reminder that God is sovereign and will ultimately protect His covenant people from their enemies.

The Consequences of Sin
Haman's pride and hatred led to his downfall and the destruction of his family. This illustrates the biblical principle that sin has consequences, not only for the individual but also for their descendants.

The Importance of Obedience
The Jews' obedience to defend themselves as decreed by the king reflects the importance of following God's guidance and the authorities He places over us, as long as it aligns with His will.

God's Faithfulness to His Promises
The account of Esther and the defeat of Haman's sons is a testament to God's faithfulness in fulfilling His promises to His people, even when circumstances seem dire.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the execution of Haman's sons reflect the theme of divine justice in the book of Esther?

2. In what ways does the account of Esther 9:7 connect to the historical enmity between the Israelites and the Amalekites?

3. What lessons can we learn from the downfall of Haman and his sons about the consequences of pride and hatred?

4. How does the Jews' defense against their enemies in Esther 9 demonstrate the importance of obedience to God's guidance?

5. Reflect on a time when you experienced God's protection or justice in your life. How does this passage encourage you to trust in God's faithfulness?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Esther 3:1-6
Provides background on Haman's rise to power and his plot against the Jews, setting the stage for the events in Esther 9.

Exodus 17:14-16
Relates to the Amalekites, from whom Haman descended, and God's command to blot out their memory, showing a historical enmity between the Amalekites and Israelites.

1 Samuel 15:1-3
Connects to King Saul's incomplete obedience in dealing with the Amalekites, which has long-term consequences seen in the account of Esther.