Acts 14:23

Paul and Barnabas appointed elders for them in each church, praying and fasting as they entrusted them to the Lord, in whom they had believed.

Study Bible

Paul and Barnabas
This phrase highlights the two central figures in the early Christian missionary movement. Paul, formerly Saul of Tarsus, was a Pharisee who converted to Christianity after a dramatic encounter with Christ on the road to Damascus. Barnabas, whose name means "son of encouragement," was a Levite from Cyprus and an early Christian disciple. Together, they embarked on missionary journeys to spread the Gospel. Their partnership exemplifies the importance of collaboration in ministry, as they complemented each other's strengths and supported one another in their mission.

appointed elders
The Greek word for "appointed" is "cheirotoneo," which can mean to choose or elect by raising hands. This indicates a formal and deliberate process of selecting leaders within the church. "Elders" (Greek: "presbyteroi") were mature, spiritually qualified men tasked with shepherding and overseeing the local congregation. This practice of appointing elders underscores the early church's commitment to structured leadership and accountability, ensuring that each community had guidance rooted in wisdom and experience.

for them in each church
The phrase "in each church" emphasizes the establishment of local congregations as distinct communities of believers. The early church was not a monolithic entity but a network of local assemblies, each with its own leadership. This reflects the New Testament model of church governance, where each local body is autonomous yet connected to the larger body of Christ. The appointment of elders in each church ensured that these communities were well-led and spiritually nurtured.

with prayer and fasting
Prayer and fasting are spiritual disciplines that denote dependence on God and a desire for divine guidance. In the context of appointing elders, these practices highlight the seriousness and sacredness of the task. By seeking God's will through prayer and fasting, Paul and Barnabas demonstrated their reliance on the Holy Spirit to guide their decisions, ensuring that the chosen leaders were aligned with God's purposes.

they committed them to the Lord
The act of committing the elders to the Lord signifies entrusting them to God's care and guidance. The Greek word "paratithemi" means to place beside or deposit, indicating a transfer of responsibility. This reflects a deep trust in God's sovereignty and a recognition that true leadership is empowered and sustained by Him. It also serves as a reminder that the ultimate authority and oversight of the church belong to Christ.

in whom they had believed
This phrase underscores the foundation of the Christian faith: belief in Jesus Christ. The elders, as well as the congregations they served, were united by their faith in Christ. This belief was not merely intellectual assent but a transformative trust that shaped their lives and communities. It is a reminder that the church's mission and leadership are rooted in a shared faith in the risen Lord, who is the cornerstone of the church.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Paul
A key apostle in the early church, known for his missionary journeys and extensive contributions to the New Testament. In this passage, he is actively involved in establishing church leadership.

2. Barnabas
A fellow missionary and companion of Paul, known for his encouragement and support in the early church. He plays a significant role in the appointment of church elders.

3. Elders
Leaders appointed in the early church to oversee and shepherd the congregation. Their appointment signifies the establishment of church order and governance.

4. Churches
The local assemblies of believers in various cities where Paul and Barnabas ministered. These communities were foundational to the spread of Christianity.

5. Prayer and Fasting
Spiritual disciplines practiced by Paul and Barnabas as they sought God's guidance and blessing in appointing church leaders.

Teaching Points

The Importance of Church Leadership
The appointment of elders underscores the necessity of strong, godly leadership in the church to guide and nurture the congregation.

Spiritual Discernment through Prayer and Fasting
Paul and Barnabas's use of prayer and fasting highlights the need for spiritual discernment and reliance on God when making significant decisions.

Commitment to the Lord
Committing the elders to the Lord reflects a trust in God's sovereignty and provision for the church's future.

Community and Accountability
The establishment of elders in each church fosters a sense of community and accountability, ensuring that the church remains grounded in biblical teaching.

Continuity of Apostolic Tradition
The practice of appointing elders connects the early church to the apostolic tradition, maintaining continuity in church governance.

Bible Study Questions

1. What qualities do you think Paul and Barnabas looked for in the elders they appointed, and how can we apply these qualities in selecting leaders today?

2. How does the practice of prayer and fasting influence decision-making in your personal life and in your church community?

3. In what ways can we commit our church leaders to the Lord, and why is this important for the health of the church?

4. How does the role of elders in the early church compare to the role of church leaders today, and what lessons can we learn from this?

5. How can the principles of community and accountability seen in the early church be applied to strengthen our own church communities?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Titus 1:5
Paul instructs Titus to appoint elders in every town, emphasizing the importance of church leadership and order.

1 Timothy 3:1-7
Paul outlines the qualifications for overseers, providing a framework for the character and responsibilities of church leaders.

James 5:14
The role of elders in the church is highlighted in the context of prayer and healing, showing their pastoral responsibilities.

Acts 6:6
The early church's practice of laying on hands and prayer when appointing leaders, demonstrating continuity in church practices.