1 Samuel 29:5

Is this not the David about whom they sing in their dances: 'Saul has slain his thousands, and David his tens of thousands'?"

Study Bible

Is this not David
This phrase highlights the recognition and fame of David among the people. In the Hebrew context, the name "David" means "beloved." David's reputation had spread far and wide, even among the Philistines, who were Israel's enemies. This acknowledgment by the Philistines underscores the divine favor and anointing upon David's life, as he was chosen by God to be king over Israel. Historically, David's rise from a shepherd boy to a national hero is a testament to God's providence and the fulfillment of His promises.

about whom they sing in their dances
The act of singing and dancing in ancient Israel was a form of celebration and public declaration. It was common for women to come out with tambourines and songs to celebrate victories in battle. This cultural practice is rooted in the Hebrew tradition of expressing joy and gratitude through music and dance. The reference to singing and dancing indicates that David's victories were not just military successes but were celebrated as acts of divine intervention and blessing. This public acknowledgment through song and dance signifies the communal recognition of God's hand upon David.

Saul has slain his thousands
This part of the verse refers to the well-known song that celebrated the military achievements of King Saul. The phrase "thousands" is indicative of Saul's prowess and success as a warrior king. In the historical context, Saul was the first king of Israel, anointed by the prophet Samuel. His reign began with great promise, and he was initially successful in defending Israel against its enemies. However, this phrase also sets the stage for the contrast between Saul and David, highlighting the shift in God's favor from Saul to David due to Saul's disobedience.

and David his tens of thousands
The comparison between Saul's "thousands" and David's "tens of thousands" emphasizes David's superior military achievements and the greater favor he enjoyed among the people. The hyperbolic nature of the numbers serves to magnify David's success and the divine empowerment he received. In the scriptural narrative, this distinction marks the beginning of Saul's jealousy and fear of David, which ultimately leads to Saul's downfall. Theologically, this phrase underscores the theme of God's sovereign choice and the elevation of the humble, as David, the youngest son of Jesse, is exalted to a position of prominence.

Persons / Places / Events

1. David
The future king of Israel, known for his military prowess and deep faith in God. At this point, he is living among the Philistines to escape King Saul's pursuit.

2. Saul
The first king of Israel, who becomes increasingly jealous and fearful of David's rising popularity and God's favor upon him.

3. Philistines
A group of people who were enemies of Israel. David sought refuge with them, which led to suspicion and tension.

4. Achish
The Philistine king of Gath who trusted David and allowed him to live in Philistine territory.

5. Israelites
The people of God, who are caught in the tension between Saul's reign and David's anointing as the future king.

Teaching Points

The Power of Reputation
David's reputation preceded him, influencing both friend and foe. Our actions and character can have far-reaching impacts on how we are perceived and treated by others.

God's Sovereignty in Unlikely Places
Even in Philistine territory, God was working out His plan for David. We can trust that God is at work in our lives, even in unexpected or challenging circumstances.

Jealousy and Its Consequences
Saul's jealousy led to his downfall and increased David's favor. We must guard our hearts against jealousy, which can lead to destructive behavior.

Trusting God Amidst Fear
David's time with the Philistines was marked by fear and uncertainty, yet he continued to trust in God. In our own times of fear, we can find strength and peace by relying on God.

The Importance of Godly Leadership
David's leadership qualities were evident even before he became king. As Christians, we are called to develop and exhibit godly leadership in our spheres of influence.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does David's reputation among the Philistines reflect the impact of his earlier actions and victories? How can we apply this understanding to our own lives?

2. In what ways does God demonstrate His sovereignty in David's life while he is among the Philistines? How can we recognize God's sovereignty in our own challenging situations?

3. What lessons can we learn from Saul's jealousy towards David? How can we guard against jealousy in our own relationships?

4. How does David's trust in God during his time with the Philistines inspire us to trust God in our own times of fear and uncertainty?

5. What qualities of godly leadership can we observe in David's life, even before he becomes king? How can we cultivate these qualities in our own lives and communities?

Connections to Other Scriptures

1 Samuel 18:7
This verse recounts the origin of the song that praises David's military victories, highlighting the growing tension between Saul and David.

Psalm 56
Written by David during his time among the Philistines, this psalm reflects his trust in God despite being in enemy territory.

1 Chronicles 12:22
Chronicles the growing support for David, emphasizing God's hand in establishing David's future reign.