1 Samuel 26:5

Then David set out and went to the place where Saul had camped. He saw the place where Saul and Abner son of Ner, the general of his army, had lain down. Saul was lying inside the inner circle of the camp, with the troops camped around him.

Study Bible

Then David set out
The phrase "Then David set out" indicates a decisive action taken by David. The Hebrew root for "set out" is "קוּם" (qum), which means to arise or stand up. This suggests not just physical movement but a purposeful decision. David's actions are often characterized by his reliance on God's guidance, and this moment is no different. It reflects his courage and determination to confront the situation with Saul, despite the risks involved.

and came to the place where Saul had camped
The "place where Saul had camped" is significant as it represents the heart of Saul's military power. The Hebrew word for "camped" is "חָנָה" (chanah), which means to pitch a tent or encamp. This setting is not just a physical location but a strategic military position. David's approach to this place shows his boldness and his strategic mind, as he seeks to understand the situation fully before taking any action.

He saw where Saul and Abner son of Ner, the commander of his army, had lain down
The act of seeing here is more than just physical sight; it implies discernment and understanding. The Hebrew word "רָאָה" (ra'ah) means to see, perceive, or understand. David's observation of Saul and Abner, the commander, highlights his awareness of the power dynamics at play. Abner, being the son of Ner and the commander, signifies the strength and organization of Saul's forces. David's ability to see and assess the situation reflects his wisdom and reliance on God's insight.

Saul was lying inside the camp
The image of Saul "lying inside the camp" is symbolic of his vulnerability. The Hebrew word "שָׁכַב" (shakab) means to lie down or rest. Despite being surrounded by his army, Saul is in a state of rest, unaware of the impending danger. This moment underscores the theme of divine protection over David, as God allows him to approach Saul undetected. It also foreshadows the opportunity David will have to demonstrate his integrity and mercy.

with the army encamped around him
The phrase "with the army encamped around him" emphasizes the security and protection Saul believes he has. The Hebrew word "סָבִיב" (saviv) means around or surrounding. This encampment is a physical manifestation of Saul's earthly power and authority. However, the narrative reveals that true security comes from God, not from human strength. David's presence within this encampment is a testament to God's providence and the divine plan unfolding in David's life.

Persons / Places / Events

1. David
The future king of Israel, anointed by God, who is currently fleeing from King Saul. David is known for his faithfulness to God and his refusal to harm Saul, despite being pursued by him.

2. Saul
The first king of Israel, who has fallen out of favor with God due to his disobedience. Saul is actively seeking to kill David out of jealousy and fear of losing his throne.

3. Abner son of Ner
The commander of Saul's army and a loyal supporter of Saul. He is responsible for the protection of the king.

4. The Camp
The location where Saul and his army are encamped. It is significant as the setting for the events where David demonstrates his integrity and respect for God's anointed king.

5. The Wilderness of Ziph
The broader region where these events take place, known for its rugged terrain and as a place of refuge for David during his flight from Saul.

Teaching Points

Respect for Authority
David's actions remind us of the importance of respecting those in authority, even when they are unjust, trusting that God will deal with them in His time.

Trust in God's Timing
David's refusal to harm Saul shows his deep trust in God's timing and plan for his life. We are encouraged to wait on God's timing rather than taking matters into our own hands.

Integrity in Adversity
David's integrity shines through as he chooses righteousness over revenge. This challenges us to maintain our integrity, even when wronged.

God's Sovereignty
The passage highlights God's sovereignty in the affairs of men. David's faith in God's control over his destiny is a model for us to trust in God's overarching plan.

The Role of Conscience
David's actions are guided by a conscience sensitive to God's will. We are encouraged to cultivate a conscience that aligns with God's Word and Spirit.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does David's respect for Saul as God's anointed challenge our own attitudes towards authority figures in our lives?

2. In what ways can we demonstrate trust in God's timing when faced with difficult situations or decisions?

3. How can we maintain our integrity when we are wronged or mistreated by others?

4. What does this passage teach us about God's sovereignty and how should that influence our daily lives?

5. How can we develop a conscience that is sensitive to God's will, as demonstrated by David in this passage?

Connections to Other Scriptures

1 Samuel 24
This chapter recounts a similar event where David spares Saul's life in the cave at En Gedi, demonstrating his respect for God's anointed and his trust in God's timing for his own kingship.

Psalm 57
A psalm attributed to David during his time of fleeing from Saul, expressing his trust in God's protection and justice.

Romans 12:19
This New Testament verse echoes the principle of leaving vengeance to God, a principle David exemplifies in his dealings with Saul.