1 Samuel 21:10

That day David fled from Saul and went to Achish king of Gath.

Study Bible

That day
The phrase "that day" signifies a specific moment in time, highlighting the urgency and immediacy of David's actions. In the Hebrew context, the word "yom" (day) often denotes not just a 24-hour period but a significant event or turning point. This was a pivotal moment in David's life, marking a transition from being a favored servant of Saul to a fugitive. It reminds us of the sudden changes that can occur in our lives and the need for faith and reliance on God during such times.

David fled
The Hebrew word for "fled" is "barach," which conveys a sense of escaping or running away from danger. David, once a celebrated hero, now finds himself in a position of vulnerability and fear. This action underscores the reality of persecution and the trials faced by those who are anointed by God. It serves as a reminder that even the most faithful servants of God can experience fear and must sometimes take drastic actions to preserve their lives.

from Saul
Saul, the first king of Israel, had become increasingly hostile towards David due to jealousy and fear of losing his throne. This enmity is a tragic example of how unchecked emotions and disobedience to God can lead to destructive behavior. Saul's pursuit of David is a cautionary tale about the dangers of allowing personal insecurities to override divine purpose and community well-being.

and went to Achish
Achish was the king of Gath, one of the five Philistine city-states. The decision to seek refuge with a Philistine king is surprising, given the historical enmity between the Israelites and the Philistines. This move illustrates David's desperation and the complexity of his situation. It also foreshadows the intricate political and personal dynamics that David would navigate throughout his life.

king of Gath
Gath was a significant Philistine city, known for its warriors, including Goliath, whom David had previously defeated. The irony of David seeking refuge in Gath is profound, as it was the home of his former adversary. This highlights the unpredictable paths that God may lead His servants on, often using unexpected means and places to fulfill His purposes. It also speaks to the theme of reconciliation and the breaking down of enmity, as David would later form alliances with some Philistines.

Persons / Places / Events

1. David
The anointed future king of Israel, who is fleeing from King Saul due to Saul's jealousy and intent to kill him. David is a central figure in the Old Testament, known for his faithfulness to God, his psalms, and his eventual kingship.

2. Saul
The first king of Israel, who has become increasingly paranoid and hostile towards David, seeing him as a threat to his throne.

3. Achish
The king of Gath, a Philistine city. David seeks refuge with Achish, which is significant given the historical enmity between the Israelites and the Philistines.

4. Gath
A Philistine city, known as the hometown of Goliath, whom David famously defeated. David's decision to flee here is both strategic and risky.

5. Fleeing
This event marks a period of David's life where he is on the run, relying on God's guidance and protection while navigating dangerous situations.

Teaching Points

Trust in God's Protection
Despite being in enemy territory, David's life demonstrates reliance on God's protection. Believers can trust God even in seemingly perilous situations.

Wisdom in Decision-Making
David's choice to flee to Gath shows a strategic, albeit risky, decision. Christians are encouraged to seek God's wisdom in making difficult choices.

Courage in Adversity
David's actions remind us of the courage required to face adversities. Believers are called to be courageous, knowing God is with them.

God's Sovereignty
This passage illustrates God's sovereignty in guiding David's life, even through trials. Christians can find comfort in God's control over their circumstances.

The Role of Fear and Faith
David's experience in Gath highlights the tension between fear and faith. Believers are encouraged to choose faith over fear, trusting in God's promises.

Bible Study Questions

1. What does David's decision to flee to Gath reveal about his character and his relationship with God?

2. How can we apply David's trust in God during his time in Gath to our own lives when facing fear or uncertainty?

3. In what ways does David's experience in Gath foreshadow the challenges and triumphs he will face as king?

4. How does the context of David's flight from Saul enhance our understanding of the psalms he wrote during this period?

5. What lessons can we learn from David's strategic decision-making, and how can we apply these lessons to our own decision-making processes?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Psalm 56
Traditionally attributed to David during his time in Gath, this psalm reflects his trust in God amidst fear and danger.

1 Samuel 17
The account of David defeating Goliath, a Philistine from Gath, highlighting the irony and danger of David seeking refuge in Gath.

1 Samuel 18-19
Details Saul's growing jealousy and attempts on David's life, providing context for David's flight.

Matthew 10:23
Jesus advises His disciples to flee persecution, paralleling David's flight from Saul.